Narcolepsy: A review of evidence for autoimmune diathesis

Sporadic narcolepsy with cataplexy is a disabling disease that is strongly associated with the major histocompatibility class II allele HLA DQB1*0602 and is characterized by profound reduction in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of hypocretin 1 levels. This article provides a comprehensiv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England) England), 2005-12, Vol.17 (6), p.461-469
Main Author: Logan Black, John
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alleles
Autoantigens - immunology
Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System - genetics
Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System - immunology
Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System - therapy
Cataplexy - genetics
Cataplexy - immunology
Cataplexy - therapy
Clinical trials
HLA-DQ Antigens - genetics
HLA-DQ beta-Chains
Humans
Immunization, Passive
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - cerebrospinal fluid
Membrane Glycoproteins - genetics
Narcolepsy - genetics
Narcolepsy - immunology
Narcolepsy - therapy
Neurology
Neuropeptides - cerebrospinal fluid
Orexins
Sleep disorders
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Summary:Sporadic narcolepsy with cataplexy is a disabling disease that is strongly associated with the major histocompatibility class II allele HLA DQB1*0602 and is characterized by profound reduction in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of hypocretin 1 levels. This article provides a comprehensive review of the evidence that neurologic autoimmunity is the pathogenic basis of narcolepsy with cataplexy. Despite this evidence, specific antibody markers for narcolepsy have been elusive. Clinical trials using intravenous immunoglobulin infusions in recent onset narcolepsy with cataplexy have led to improvement in cataplexy in some patients. Future research must focus on elucidation of immune markers and early ameliorative treatments for narcolepsy.
ISSN:0954-0261
1369-1627
DOI:10.1080/02646830500381492