Hepatitis C in health care professionals: prevalence and association with risk factors

• Published in: Revista de saúde pública 2007-04, Vol.41 (2), p.229
• Main Authors: Ciorlia, Luiz Alberto de Souza, Zanetta, Dirce Maria Trevisan
• Format: Article
• Language: eng ; por
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Brazil - epidemiology; Chi-Square Distribution; Female; Hepatitis C - diagnosis; Hepatitis C - epidemiology; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Diseases - diagnosis; Occupational Diseases - epidemiology; Personnel, Hospital - statistics & numerical data; Prevalence; Risk Factors
• ISSN: 0034-8910
• DOI: 10.1590/s0034-89102007000200009

To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection among health care professionals. The study was carried out at a university hospital in the municipality of São José do Rio Preto, Southeastern Brazil, between January 1994 and December 1999. There were included 1,433 health care professionals, 872 administrative workers, and 2,583 blood donor candidates. Data were collected during admission examinations, periodic screenings, and after occupational accidents. Occupational and non-occupational information was obtained by means of a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests and logistic regression analysis. Prevalence of hepatitis C infection among health care professionals (1.7%) was significantly higher than among administrative workers (0.5%; p=0.007) and blood donor candidates (0.2%; p=0.001). Regarding occupational factors, time in the job was significantly longer (p=0.016) among health care professionals with positive serology than among those with negative serology. Multiple regression analysis showed a 50% increase in risk for every five years of age. There was a significant association between blood transfusion and positive serology among health care workers. Health care professionals show greater prevalence of hepatitis C than administrative workers and blood donation candidates. Among those with positive serology, occupational and non-occupational factors of greatest risk were age, time in the job, and blood transfusion.