Neurobiology of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is defined as a clinically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental syndrome with the contribution of numerous genetic and environmental risk factors. The goal of interdisciplinary and translational neurobiological research is to clarify the interdependent rel...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nervenarzt 2008-07, Vol.79 (7), p.771
Main Authors: Renner, T J, Gerlach, M, Romanos, M, Herrmann, M, Reif, A, Fallgatter, A J, Lesch, K-P
Format: Article
Language:ger
Subjects:
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnosis
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - psychology
Brain - physiopathology
Comorbidity
Genetic Predisposition to Disease - genetics
Humans
Neurotransmitter Agents - genetics
Neurotransmitter Agents - physiology
Phenotype
Risk Factors
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Summary:Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is defined as a clinically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental syndrome with the contribution of numerous genetic and environmental risk factors. The goal of interdisciplinary and translational neurobiological research is to clarify the interdependent relationship between molecular mechanisms and structural-functional substrates in the pathogenesis of ADHD and its significance to the disorder's long-term course. Work on ADHD-specific molecular genetic and developmental biological essentials of brain function and on the structural-functional basis of behavior holds the promise of developing predictors and differential strategies for effective therapy of severe and chronic courses of ADHD. To define evolutionary conserved ADHD-relevant principles of structure and function of the brain and behavior typical to the syndrome, an integrated approach in the elucidation of specific neuro- and psychobiological mechanisms and thus systemic pathophysiology of ADHD is crucial. Regarding compromised neurodevelopment, pathophysiological models of ADHD, particularly its syndromal and comorbid dimensions, therefore require the combination of molecular genetic, neuroimaging, neuropsychology, behavioral, and psychosocial strategies to explain complete causal chains.
ISSN:0028-2804
DOI:10.1007/s00115-008-2513-3