Effects of Anti Herpetic Drugs on Mice with Herpetic Epithelial Keratitis After Reactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

To compare the efficacies of valacyclovir (VCV) and acyclovir (ACV) on murine herpetic epithelial keratitis, mice inoculated with herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1) strain McKrae were divided into 6 treatment groups: oral VCV 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, oral ACV 50 mg/kg, ACV eye ointment (EO), ACV eye...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Seminars in ophthalmology 2008-07, Vol.23 (4), p.241-247
Main Authors: Itahashi, Motoki, Higaki, Shiro, Shimomura, Yoshikazu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acyclovir
Acyclovir - analogs & derivatives
Acyclovir - therapeutic use
Animals
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
DNA, Viral - genetics
Epithelium, Corneal - virology
Female
Gene Dosage
Herpesvirus 1, Human - physiology
herpetic epithelial keratitis
HSV-1 reactivation
Keratitis, Herpetic - drug therapy
Keratitis, Herpetic - virology
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
plaque assay
real time PCR
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Trigeminal Ganglion - virology
valacyclovir
Valine - analogs & derivatives
Valine - therapeutic use
Virus Activation - drug effects
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Summary:To compare the efficacies of valacyclovir (VCV) and acyclovir (ACV) on murine herpetic epithelial keratitis, mice inoculated with herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1) strain McKrae were divided into 6 treatment groups: oral VCV 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, oral ACV 50 mg/kg, ACV eye ointment (EO), ACV eye drops (ED), and placebo. Keratitis scores showed that oral VCV 50 mg/kg, oral ACV, and ACV ED had equivalent efficacies, while oral VCV 100 mg/kg was as efficacious as ACV EO during acute infection. Each treatment group was further divided into the stimulated group with HSV-1 reactivation by immunosuppressant drugs and hyperthermia, and the non-stimulated group without reactivation. We assessed the virus titers in tissues by plaque assay and HSV DNA copy number in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results showed that the virus titers in the tissues were lowered after reactivation, and the oral VCV group with reactivation had significantly reduced DNA copy number in the TG than the same treatment group without reactivation. In conclusion, oral VCV is as efficacious as ACV EO and significantly suppresses HSV-1 reactivation.
ISSN:0882-0538
1744-5205
DOI:10.1080/08820530802111291