Effects of Gender, Gonadectomy and Sex Hormones on Growth and Plasma Cholesterol Level in Rats

Background/Aims: No studies have clearly demonstrated how sex hormones are involved in the observed gender difference in growth and plasma cholesterol levels in animals fed hypercholesterolemic diets. This study was conducted to determine the effects of gender, gonadectomy (GNX), and sex hormones on...

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Published in:Annals of nutrition and metabolism 2008-01, Vol.53 (1), p.1-5
Main Authors: Lee, Chong-Eon, Kang, Jung-Suk, Kim, Kyu-Il
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
animal models
Animals
blood lipids
Cholesterol
Cholesterol - blood
Cholesterol, Dietary - administration & dosage
cortisol
Diet
Estradiol - pharmacology
estrogens
Female
females
Gender
Gender differences
Growth - drug effects
high fat diet
Hormones
Hydrocortisone - blood
hypercholesterolemia
Injections, Intramuscular
Male
males
methyltestosterone
Methyltestosterone - pharmacology
Orchiectomy
Original Paper
Ovariectomy
Physical growth
Random Allocation
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Rodents
Sex Factors
sex hormones
surgery
testosterone
Testosterone - blood
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container_title Annals of nutrition and metabolism
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creator Lee, Chong-Eon
Kang, Jung-Suk
Kim, Kyu-Il
description Background/Aims: No studies have clearly demonstrated how sex hormones are involved in the observed gender difference in growth and plasma cholesterol levels in animals fed hypercholesterolemic diets. This study was conducted to determine the effects of gender, gonadectomy (GNX), and sex hormones on growth, plasma cholesterol and cortisol levels in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: In the first of two experiments, equal numbers of male and female 4-week-old rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated control, GNX, or GNX + 17α-methyltestosterone (MT). The rats were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet for 4 weeks. In a second experiment, 24 GNX females were equally divided into three groups: control, 17β-estradiol (E2), or MT. These rats were fed a normocholesterolemic diet for 3 weeks. Results: The average total plasma cholesterol level in female rats was twice that in male rats. MT administration to GNX male and GNX female rats decreased plasma cholesterol levels by 23 and 45%, respectively. Weekly intramuscular injection of E2 markedly suppressed growth while increasing plasma cortisol levels in GNX female rats. Conclusion: Testosterone decreases plasma cholesterol levels in rats fed a hypercholesterolemic diet and E2 suppresses growth of rats, inducing the secretion of hormones that increase with stress.
doi_str_mv 10.1159/000152867
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This study was conducted to determine the effects of gender, gonadectomy (GNX), and sex hormones on growth, plasma cholesterol and cortisol levels in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: In the first of two experiments, equal numbers of male and female 4-week-old rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated control, GNX, or GNX + 17α-methyltestosterone (MT). The rats were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet for 4 weeks. In a second experiment, 24 GNX females were equally divided into three groups: control, 17β-estradiol (E2), or MT. These rats were fed a normocholesterolemic diet for 3 weeks. Results: The average total plasma cholesterol level in female rats was twice that in male rats. MT administration to GNX male and GNX female rats decreased plasma cholesterol levels by 23 and 45%, respectively. Weekly intramuscular injection of E2 markedly suppressed growth while increasing plasma cortisol levels in GNX female rats. Conclusion: Testosterone decreases plasma cholesterol levels in rats fed a hypercholesterolemic diet and E2 suppresses growth of rats, inducing the secretion of hormones that increase with stress.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0250-6807</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1421-9697</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1159/000152867</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18772583</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger AG</publisher><subject>animal models ; Animals ; blood lipids ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol - blood ; Cholesterol, Dietary - administration &amp; dosage ; cortisol ; Diet ; Estradiol - pharmacology ; estrogens ; Female ; females ; Gender ; Gender differences ; Growth - drug effects ; high fat diet ; Hormones ; Hydrocortisone - blood ; hypercholesterolemia ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Male ; males ; methyltestosterone ; Methyltestosterone - pharmacology ; Orchiectomy ; Original Paper ; Ovariectomy ; Physical growth ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rodents ; Sex Factors ; sex hormones ; surgery ; testosterone ; Testosterone - blood</subject><ispartof>Annals of nutrition and metabolism, 2008-01, Vol.53 (1), p.1-5</ispartof><rights>2008 S. Karger AG</rights><rights>2008 S. Karger AG, Basel</rights><rights>Copyright 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel.</rights><rights>Copyright (c) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c377t-f650b9126c768e7c91d4df25e2669acc3e9e5994db786dbe57c1879db3af43183</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c377t-f650b9126c768e7c91d4df25e2669acc3e9e5994db786dbe57c1879db3af43183</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/48507818$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/48507818$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27922,27923,58236,58469</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18772583$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lee, Chong-Eon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kang, Jung-Suk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Kyu-Il</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of Gender, Gonadectomy and Sex Hormones on Growth and Plasma Cholesterol Level in Rats</title><title>Annals of nutrition and metabolism</title><addtitle>Ann Nutr Metab</addtitle><description>Background/Aims: No studies have clearly demonstrated how sex hormones are involved in the observed gender difference in growth and plasma cholesterol levels in animals fed hypercholesterolemic diets. This study was conducted to determine the effects of gender, gonadectomy (GNX), and sex hormones on growth, plasma cholesterol and cortisol levels in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: In the first of two experiments, equal numbers of male and female 4-week-old rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated control, GNX, or GNX + 17α-methyltestosterone (MT). The rats were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet for 4 weeks. In a second experiment, 24 GNX females were equally divided into three groups: control, 17β-estradiol (E2), or MT. These rats were fed a normocholesterolemic diet for 3 weeks. Results: The average total plasma cholesterol level in female rats was twice that in male rats. MT administration to GNX male and GNX female rats decreased plasma cholesterol levels by 23 and 45%, respectively. Weekly intramuscular injection of E2 markedly suppressed growth while increasing plasma cortisol levels in GNX female rats. 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This study was conducted to determine the effects of gender, gonadectomy (GNX), and sex hormones on growth, plasma cholesterol and cortisol levels in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: In the first of two experiments, equal numbers of male and female 4-week-old rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated control, GNX, or GNX + 17α-methyltestosterone (MT). The rats were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet for 4 weeks. In a second experiment, 24 GNX females were equally divided into three groups: control, 17β-estradiol (E2), or MT. These rats were fed a normocholesterolemic diet for 3 weeks. Results: The average total plasma cholesterol level in female rats was twice that in male rats. MT administration to GNX male and GNX female rats decreased plasma cholesterol levels by 23 and 45%, respectively. Weekly intramuscular injection of E2 markedly suppressed growth while increasing plasma cortisol levels in GNX female rats. Conclusion: Testosterone decreases plasma cholesterol levels in rats fed a hypercholesterolemic diet and E2 suppresses growth of rats, inducing the secretion of hormones that increase with stress.</abstract><cop>Basel, Switzerland</cop><pub>S. Karger AG</pub><pmid>18772583</pmid><doi>10.1159/000152867</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 0250-6807
ispartof Annals of nutrition and metabolism, 2008-01, Vol.53 (1), p.1-5
issn 0250-6807
1421-9697
language eng
recordid cdi_pubmed_primary_18772583
source JSTOR Archival Journals and Primary Sources Collection
subjects animal models
Animals
blood lipids
Cholesterol
Cholesterol - blood
Cholesterol, Dietary - administration & dosage
cortisol
Diet
Estradiol - pharmacology
estrogens
Female
females
Gender
Gender differences
Growth - drug effects
high fat diet
Hormones
Hydrocortisone - blood
hypercholesterolemia
Injections, Intramuscular
Male
males
methyltestosterone
Methyltestosterone - pharmacology
Orchiectomy
Original Paper
Ovariectomy
Physical growth
Random Allocation
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Rodents
Sex Factors
sex hormones
surgery
testosterone
Testosterone - blood
title Effects of Gender, Gonadectomy and Sex Hormones on Growth and Plasma Cholesterol Level in Rats
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