Differential morphogenesis of the extraradical mycelium of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus grown monoxenically on spatially heterogeneous culture media

A new in vitro experimental system was developed to study the morphogenesis of discrete regions of a single extraradical mycelium of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus intraradices, growing simultaneously in six different agar-based media. The media were (i) unamended water agar (WA), (ii...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Mycologia 2004-05, Vol.96 (3), p.452-462
Main Authors: Bago, B, Cano, C, Samson, J, Coughlan, A.P, Piche, Y
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ammonium compounds
Apical dominance
Biochemistry/Physiology
branched absorbing structures
branched absorbing structures (BAS)
culture media
extraradical mycelium
fungal anatomy
Fungal spores
Fungi
Glomus intraradices
Hyphae
monoxenic culture
Morphogenesis
Mycelium
Mycorrhizal fungi
nitrates
Nitrogen
nitrogen source
phosphates
rhizosphere
Soil fungi
soil nutrients
Sporulation
vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae
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Summary:A new in vitro experimental system was developed to study the morphogenesis of discrete regions of a single extraradical mycelium of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus intraradices, growing simultaneously in six different agar-based media. The media were (i) unamended water agar (WA), (ii) WA+PO 4 3− (PO 4 3− ), (iii) WA+NO 3 − (NO 3 − ), (iv) WA+NH 4 + (NH 4 + ), (v) WA+NH 4 + +MES (NH 4 + +MES) and (vi) minimal medium (M, complete nutrients). Each medium was amended with the pH indicator bromocresol purple. The extraradical mycelium of the fungus showed between-treatment differences in morphogenesis, architecture, formation of branched absorbing structures (BAS) and sporulation. Extraradical hyphae that developed in WA or PO 4 3− compartments exhibited an economic development pattern, in which runner hyphae radially extended the external colony. Extraradical hyphal growth in the NO 3 − compartments was characterized by increased formation of runner hyphae, BAS and spores and an alkalinization of the medium. In the two NH 4 + -amended media (NH 4 + , NH 4 + +MES), sporulation was suppressed and considerable morphological changes were noted. These results show the plasticity of G. intraradices that lets it efficiently exploit an heterogeneous substrate.
ISSN:0027-5514
1557-2536
DOI:10.1080/15572536.2005.11832944