Is there an association between a history of placental abruption and long-term maternal renal complications?

• Published in: The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine 2015-09, Vol.28 (14), p.1641-1646
• Main Authors: Arazi, E. S., Kessous, R., Shoham-Vardi, I., Pariente, G., Sergienko, R., Sheiner, E.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abruptio Placentae; Adult; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incidence; Israel; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Obstetric complication; placental abruption; Pregnancy; Proportional Hazards Models; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - epidemiology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - etiology; renal morbidity; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors
• ISSN: 1476-7058; 1476-4954
• DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.967206

Objective: To investigate whether patients with a history of placental abruption have an increased risk for subsequent maternal long-term morbidity. Study design: A population-based study compared the incidence of long-term renal morbidity in cohort of women with and without a history of placental abruption. Deliveries occurred during a 25-year period, with a mean follow-up duration of 11.2 years. Renal morbidity included kidney transplantation, chronic renal failure, hypertensive renal disease, etc. Results: During the study period 99 354 deliveries met the inclusion criteria; 1.8% (n = 1807) occurred in patients with a diagnosis of placental abruption. Patients with placental abruption did not have higher cumulative incidence of renal related hospitalizations, using Kaplan-Meier survival curve. During the follow-up period patients with a history of placental abruption did not have higher rate of renal morbidity (0.2% versus 0.1%; OR 1.8; 95% CI 0.6-4.8; p = 0.261). When performing a Cox proportional hazards model, adjusted for confounders such as parity and diabetes mellitus, a history of placental abruption was not associated with renal related hospitalizations (adjusted HR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.6-4.2; p = 0.381). Conclusion: Placental abruption, even though considered a part of the "placental syndrome" with possible vascular etiology, is not a risk factor for long-term maternal renal complications.