Pharmacokinetics of intravenous ketorolac in cats undergoing gonadectomy

AIM: To determine the pharmacokinetics of ketorolac tromethamine (0.5 mg/kg) when administered I/V to cats undergoing gonadectomy. METHODS: Ketorolac was administered to nine female and three male shorthair domestic cats as an I/V bolus of 0.5 mg/kg after intubation, and 20 minutes prior to ovariect...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:New Zealand veterinary journal 2015-05, Vol.63 (3), p.162-166
Main Authors: Villa, R, Ravasio, G, Ferraresi, C, Zonca, A, Carli, S, Borghi, L, Cagnardi, P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
analgesics
Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - blood
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - pharmacokinetics
Area Under Curve
blood serum
castration
cat
cats
Cats - blood
Female
females
gonadectomy
Half-Life
high performance liquid chromatography
humans
Hysterectomy - veterinary
intravenous injection
isoflurane
Ketorolac
Ketorolac - blood
Ketorolac - pharmacokinetics
Male
males
NSAID
Orchiectomy - veterinary
ovariectomy
Ovariectomy - veterinary
pharmacokinetics
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Summary:AIM: To determine the pharmacokinetics of ketorolac tromethamine (0.5 mg/kg) when administered I/V to cats undergoing gonadectomy. METHODS: Ketorolac was administered to nine female and three male shorthair domestic cats as an I/V bolus of 0.5 mg/kg after intubation, and 20 minutes prior to ovariectomy or orchiectomy. Intra-operative cardiorespiratory variables were monitored and blood samples were collected over 24 hours. Concentrations of ketorolac in serum were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography to establish pharmacokinetic parameters. RESULTS: During surgery, mean end tidal isoflurane concentration was 1.63 (SD 0.24)% and normocapnia and spontaneous ventilation were maintained in all animals. The kinetics of ketorolac was described by a two-compartment model. The distribution and elimination half-lives were 0.09 (SD 0.06) and 4.14 (SD 1.18) hours, respectively. The body clearance was 56.8 (SD 33.1) mL/h/kg. The volume of distribution at steady-state and the mean residence time were 323.9 (SD 115.7) mL/kg and 6.47 (SD 2.86) hours, respectively. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: On the basis of the results, concentrations of ketorolac in serum in cats were above the human effective concentrations for 5–6 hours postoperatively. However, other studies including a control group are advocated to further investigate the ketorolac kinetics and the analgesic efficacy in this species.
ISSN:1176-0710
0048-0169
1176-0710
DOI:10.1080/00480169.2014.987329