Evidence for anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of dried plum polyphenols in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells

• Published in: Food & function 2015-05, Vol.6 (5), p.1719-1725
• Main Authors: Hooshmand, Shirin, Kumar, Ajay, Zhang, Ji Yao, Johnson, Sarah A, Chai, Sheau C, Arjmandi, Bahram H
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Cyclooxygenase 2 - genetics; Cyclooxygenase 2 - metabolism; Macrophages - drug effects; Macrophages - immunology; Macrophages - metabolism; Malondialdehyde - metabolism; Mice; Nitric Oxide - metabolism; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Polyphenols - pharmacology; Prunus; Prunus domestica - chemistry; RAW 264.7 Cells
• ISSN: 2042-6496; 2042-650X
• DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00173k

This study presents the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of dried plum ( Prunus domestica L.) polyphenols in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. We hypothesized that dried plum polyphenols have strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of the pro-inflammatory markers, nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and the lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde, in activated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. To test this hypothesis, macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with either 1 μg ml −1 (for measurement of NO production) or 1 ng ml −1 (for measurement of COX-2 expression) of LPS to induce inflammation and were treated with different doses of dried plum polyphenols (0.0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 μg ml −1 ). Dried plum polyphenols at a dose of 1000 μg ml −1 was able to significantly ( P < 0.05) reduce NO production by 43%. Additionally, LPS-induced expression of COX-2 was significantly ( P < 0.05) reduced by 100 and 1000 μg ml −1 dried plum polyphenols. To investigate the antioxidant activity of dried plum polyphenols, macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with 100 μg ml −1 of FeSO 4 + 1 mM ml −1 of H 2 O 2 to induce lipid peroxidation. Dried plum polyphenols at a dose of 1000 μg ml −1 showed a 32% reduction in malondialdehyde production. These findings indicate that dried plum polyphenols are potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidative agents in vitro . This study presents the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of dried plum ( Prunus domestica L.) polyphenols in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells.