Vascular adhesion protein-1: Role in human pathology and application as a biomarker

Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is a member of the copper-containing amine oxidase/semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (AOC/SSAO) enzyme family. SSAO enzymes catalyze oxidative deamination of primary amines, which results in the production of the corresponding aldehyde, hydrogen peroxide and a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences 2015-01, Vol.52 (6), p.284-300
Main Authors: Pannecoeck, Roos, Serruys, Daphne, Benmeridja, Lara, Delanghe, Joris R., Geel, Nanja van, Speeckaert, Reinhart, Speeckaert, Marijn M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing) - blood
Atherosclerosis - blood
Atherosclerosis - epidemiology
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - blood
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell Adhesion Molecules - blood
Copper-containing amine oxidase
Diabetes Mellitus - blood
Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology
drug target
Enzymes
Evidence-Based Medicine
Eye Diseases - blood
Eye Diseases - epidemiology
Humans
Inflammation - blood
Inflammation - epidemiology
leukocyte trafficking
Obesity - blood
Obesity - epidemiology
Pathogenesis
Pathology
Prevalence
semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase
soluble cell adhesion molecules
Stroke - blood
Stroke - epidemiology
VAP-1
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Summary:Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is a member of the copper-containing amine oxidase/semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (AOC/SSAO) enzyme family. SSAO enzymes catalyze oxidative deamination of primary amines, which results in the production of the corresponding aldehyde, hydrogen peroxide and ammonium. VAP-1 is continuously expressed as a transmembrane glycoprotein in the vascular wall during development and facilitates the accumulation of inflammatory cells into the inflamed environment in concert with other leukocyte adhesion molecules. The soluble form of VAP-1 is released into the circulation mainly from vascular endothelial cells. Over- and under-expression of sVAP-1 result in alterations of the reported reaction product levels, which are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases. The combination of enzymatic and adhesion capacities as well as its strong association with inflammatory pathologies makes VAP-1 an interesting therapeutic target for drug discovery. In this article, we will review the general characteristics and biological functions of VAP-1, focusing on its important role as a prognostic biomarker in human pathologies. In addition, the potential therapeutic application of VAP-1 inhibitors will be discussed.
ISSN:1040-8363
1549-781X
DOI:10.3109/10408363.2015.1050714