Traumatic brain injury and co-occurring problems in prison populations: A systematic review

Background: A growing body of epidemiological research suggests high rates of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in prisoners. The aim of this review is to systematically explore the literature surrounding the rates of TBI and their co-occurrences in a prison population. Methods: Six electronic databases...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Brain injury 2016-06, Vol.30 (7), p.839-854
Main Authors: O'Rourke, Conall, Linden, Mark A., Lohan, Maria, Bates-Gaston, Jackie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aggression - psychology
Brain Injuries, Traumatic - epidemiology
Brain Injuries, Traumatic - psychology
Comorbidity
Female
Humans
incarceration
Male
Mental Disorders - epidemiology
Mental Disorders - psychology
Prisoners
Substance-Related Disorders - epidemiology
Substance-Related Disorders - psychology
systematic review
Traumatic brain injury
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Summary:Background: A growing body of epidemiological research suggests high rates of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in prisoners. The aim of this review is to systematically explore the literature surrounding the rates of TBI and their co-occurrences in a prison population. Methods: Six electronic databases were systematically searched for articles published between 1980-2014. Studies were screened for inclusion based on pre-determined criteria by two researchers who independently performed data extraction. Study quality was appraised based on a modified quality assessment tool. Results: Twenty-six studies were included in this review. Quality assessment ranged from 20% (poor) to 80% (good), with an overall average of 60%. Twenty-four papers included TBI prevalence rates, which ranged from 5.69-88%. Seventeen studies explored co-occurring factors including rates of aggression (n = 7), substance abuse (n = 9), anxiety and depression (n = 5), neurocognitive deficits (n = 4) and psychiatric conditions (n = 3). Conclusions: The high degree of variation in TBI rates may be attributed to the inconsistent way in which TBI was measured, with only seven studies using valid and reliable screening tools. Additionally, gaps in the literature surrounding personality outcomes in prisoners with TBI, female prisoners with TBI and qualitative outcomes were found.
ISSN:0269-9052
1362-301X
DOI:10.3109/02699052.2016.1146967