Recognition of Extraperitoneal Colonic Perforation following Colonoscopy: A Review of the Literature

Colon perforation is an uncommon but serious complication of colonoscopy. It may occur as either intraperitoneal or extraperitoneal perforation or in combination. The majority of colonic perforations are intraperitoneal, causing air and intracolonic contents to leak into the peritoneal space. Rarely...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Case reports in gastroenterology 2017-05, Vol.11 (1), p.256-264
Main Authors: Tiwari, Abhinav, Sharma, Himani, Qamar, Khola, Sodeman, Thomas, Nawras, Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abdomen
Biopsy
Case and Review
Case reports
Colon
Colonoscopy
Emphysema
Endoscopy
Extraperitoneal colonic perforation
Inflammatory bowel disease
Laparoscopy
Literature review
Literature reviews
Medical imaging
Mortality
Ostomy
Pain
Patients
Symptoms
Ulcerative colitis
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Summary:Colon perforation is an uncommon but serious complication of colonoscopy. It may occur as either intraperitoneal or extraperitoneal perforation or in combination. The majority of colonic perforations are intraperitoneal, causing air and intracolonic contents to leak into the peritoneal space. Rarely, colonic perforation can be extraperitoneal, leading to the passage of air into the retroperitoneal space causing pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, pneumothorax, and subcutaneous emphysema. A literature review revealed that 31 cases of extraperitoneal perforation exist, out of which 20 cases also reported concomitant intraperitoneal perforation. We report the case of a young female with a history of ulcerative colitis who developed combined intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal perforation after colonoscopy. We also report the duration of onset of symptoms, clinical features, imaging findings, site of leak, and treatment administered in previously reported cases of extraperitoneal colonic perforation.
ISSN:1662-0631
1662-0631
DOI:10.1159/000475750