Factors associated with dental caries, periodontitis and intra-oral lesions in individuals with HIV / AIDS

• Published in: AIDS care 2018-05, Vol.30 (5), p.578-585
• Main Authors: Souza, Anderson Jambeiro de, Gomes-Filho, Isaac Suzart, Silva, Carlos Alberto Lima da, Passos-Soares, Johelle de Santana, Cruz, Simone Seixas da, Trindade, Soraya Castro, Figueiredo, Ana Claudia Morais Godoy, Buischi, Yvonne de Paiva, Seymour, Gregory J, Cerqueira, Eneida de Moraes Marcílio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; AIDS; AIDS/HIV; Antiretroviral agents; Antiretroviral therapy; Caries; CD4 antigen; Cell number; Confidence intervals; Demographics; Demography; Dental caries; Deviation; Diseases; Dosage; Family income; Gum disease; Health risk assessment; Health status; HIV; HIV infections; Human immunodeficiency virus; Immune response; Infections; Lesions; Lifestyles; Lymphocytes T; Medical diagnosis; Mucosa; Municipalities; Oral diseases; Oral health; oral manifestations; Periodontitis; Population (statistical); Prostheses; Prosthesis; Smoking; Standard deviation; Statistical analysis
• ISSN: 0954-0121; 1360-0451
• DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2017.1400640

This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with oral diseases in individuals with HIV/AIDS. A cross sectional study was carried out which included 312 individuals registered in the Specialized Care Services for HIV/AIDS in three municipalities of the State of Bahia: Feira de Santana, Santo Antonio de Jesus and Juazeiro, Brazil. Socioeconomic-demographic characteristics related to life style and to dental caries, periodontitis and intra-oral mucosal lesions were investigated in patients with HIV/AIDS infection. Prevalence Ratio with 95% Confidence Interval and significance level of 5% were employed for the statistical analysis. The majority of the individuals evaluated were male with a mean age (± standard deviation) of 41.5 ± 11.3 years, and a mean time of HIV infection diagnosis (± standard deviation) of 5.2 ± 4.4 years. The presence of dental caries was observed in 78.7% of the sample, periodontitis in 25.4% and 36.2% showed intra-oral lesions. Oral health status showed a statistically significant association with the following variables: gender, age, schooling level, current occupation, family income, past and current smoking, antiretroviral use time, latest viral burden dosage, latest CD4-positive T lymphocyte count, use of complete/partial dental prosthesis, need for dental prosthesis, and use of dental floss. With the exception of those factors directly related to HIV/AIDS i.e., antiretroviral use time, latest viral burden dosage and latest CD4-positive T lymphocyte count, the factors associated with oral diseases in this population were the same as those associated with oral diseases in the non-HIV/AIDS population.