Nano-TiO 2 stability in medium and size as important factors of toxicity in macrophage-like cells

TiO along with nano-TiO are commonly found in consumer products. In vivo studies have observed an accumulation of nano-TiO in macrophages. However, characteristics of nano-TiO determining toxicity remain unclear. In our study, the cytotoxic effects of 14 diverse nano-TiO on THP-1 macrophage-like cel...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxicology in vitro 2019-02, Vol.54, p.178
Main Authors: Brzicova, T, Sikorova, J, Milcova, A, Vrbova, K, Klema, J, Pikal, P, Lubovska, Z, Philimonenko, V, Franco, F, Topinka, J, Rossner, Jr, P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cell Survival - drug effects
Culture Media
Endotoxins - analysis
Humans
Macrophages - drug effects
Nanoparticles - chemistry
Nanoparticles - toxicity
Particle Size
Surface Properties
THP-1 Cells
Titanium - chemistry
Titanium - toxicity
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Summary:TiO along with nano-TiO are commonly found in consumer products. In vivo studies have observed an accumulation of nano-TiO in macrophages. However, characteristics of nano-TiO determining toxicity remain unclear. In our study, the cytotoxic effects of 14 diverse nano-TiO on THP-1 macrophage-like cells were measured by 3 cytotoxicity assays (MTS, WST-1 and LDH). Total averaged cytotoxicity was calculated using principal component analysis. Characteristics of all 14 nano-TiO included hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential, shape, polydispersity index (PDI) and concentration; moreover, crystal form, specific surface area and crystallite size were measured for 10 nano-TiO .The variables affecting cytotoxicity were chosen using LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator). Except for concentration, PDI in media measured within 1 h after preparation of the nanomaterial dispersion was selected as a variable affecting cytotoxicity: stable dispersion resulted in higher cytotoxic effects. Crystallite size has been shown to have nonlinear effects (particles of sizes between 20 and 60 nm were cytotoxic while smaller and larger ones were not) and thus it has been excluded from LASSO. The shape (particles/fibre) and crystal form did not affect the cytotoxicity. PDI and the nonlinear effect of size could be an explanation for the inconsistencies of the cytotoxicity of nano-TiO in various studies.
ISSN:1879-3177