Simultaneous analysis and exposure assessment of migrated bisphenol analogues, phenol, and p-tert-butylphenol from food contact materials

• Published in: Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment, 2018-11, Vol.35 (11), p.2270-2278
• Main Authors: Hwang, Joungboon, Bae, In-Ae, Lee, Chanyong, Lee, Subi, Choi, Jae Chun, Park, Se-Jong, Hong, Jin-Hwan, Lee, Gaeho, Kim, MeeKyung
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Benzhydryl Compounds - analysis; Bisphenol analogues; Bisphenols; Ethanol; Exposure; exposure assessment; Food; food contact materials; Food Contamination - analysis; Food Packaging; food simulants; Heptanes; Linearity; Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Migration; phenol; Phenols; Phenols - analysis; Polycarbonate; Polyethersulfones; Polylactic acid; Polypropylene; Polyurethane; Polyurethane resins; Terephthalate; Test procedures
• ISSN: 1944-0049; 1944-0057
• DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2018.1523571

A simple, rapid, and novel liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to determine levels of eight bisphenol analogues (A, S, F, B, P, AF, AP, and Z), phenol, and p-tert-butylphenol migrated from food contact material (FCM) into food simulants. Method validation showed acceptable values in terms of linearity, precision, and accuracy. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.53-29.6 and 1.77-29.6 μg L −1 , respectively. Water, 4% acetic acid, 50% ethanol, and n-heptane were employed as food simulants for the migration tests, and the proposed method was applied to 234 articles of 11 FCMs including polycarbonate, polyethersulfone, polypropylene, and polyethyleneterephthalate, obtained from domestic markets and manufacturers in Korea. Only phenol was found in the FCMs poly(cyclophexane-1,4-dimethylene terephthalate), polylactide, and thermoplastic polyurethane. Eight bisphenol analogues and p-tert-butyl phenol were not found in any samples. Using the obtained migration results, the estimated daily intake (EDI) of phenol was calculated. Exposure assessments were carried out to compare the EDI with the tolerable daily intake (TDI), showing a low percentage (0.18%) of the TDI reported. This is the first study to examine eight bisphenol analogues and two phenols simultaneously in FCMs using the LC-MS/MS.