Maternal folic acid supplementation reduces the severity of cleft palate in Tgf-β 3 null mutant mice

Cleft palate (CP) constitutes the most frequently seen orofacial cleft and is often associated with low folate status. Folate plays an essential role in the human body as a major coenzyme in one-carbon metabolism, including DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation. Whether the administration of isolat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pediatric research 2019-03, Vol.85 (4), p.566
Main Authors: López-Gordillo, Yamila, Maldonado, Estela, Nogales, Laura, Del Río, Aurora, Barrio, M Carmen, Murillo, Jorge, Martínez-Sanz, Elena, Paradas-Lara, Irene, Alonso, M Isabel, Partearroyo, Teresa, Martínez-Álvarez, Concepción
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cell Adhesion
Cell Proliferation
Cleft Palate - pathology
Cleft Palate - prevention & control
Dietary Supplements
Female
Folic Acid - administration & dosage
Heterozygote
Mice
Mice, Knockout
Mutation
Pregnancy
Severity of Illness Index
Transforming Growth Factor beta3 - genetics
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Summary:Cleft palate (CP) constitutes the most frequently seen orofacial cleft and is often associated with low folate status. Folate plays an essential role in the human body as a major coenzyme in one-carbon metabolism, including DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation. Whether the administration of isolated folic acid (FA) supplements prevents the CP caused by genetic mutations is unknown, as is its effect on the mechanisms leading to palate fusion. FA was administered to females from two different strains of transforming growth factor β heterozygous mice. Null mutant progeny of these mice exhibit CP in 100% of cases of varying severity. We measured cleft length, height of palatal shelf adhesion, and the number of proliferating mesenchymal cells. Immunohistochemistry was also carried for collagen IV, laminin, fibronectin, cytokeratin-17, and EGF. FA supplementation significantly reduced CP severity and improved palatal shelf adhesion in both strains both in vivo and in vitro. Medial edge epithelium proliferation increased, and its differentiation was normalized as indicated by the presence and disposition of collagen IV, laminin, fibronectin, and cytokeratin-17. A maternal FA supplementation reduces the CP appearance by improving the mechanisms leading to palatal shelf adhesion.
ISSN:1530-0447
DOI:10.1038/s41390-018-0267-6