PCR Prevalence of Murine Opportunistic Microbes and their Mitigation by Using Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide

• Published in: Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science 2019-03, Vol.58 (2), p.208-215
• Main Authors: Ragland, Natalie H, Miedel, Emily L, Engelman, Robert W
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal Health Surveillance; Animals; Decontamination - methods; Disinfectants - pharmacology; Hydrogen Peroxide - pharmacology; Mice; Nebulizers and Vaporizers; Opportunistic Infections - microbiology; Opportunistic Infections - prevention & control; Opportunistic Infections - veterinary; Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods; Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary; Prevalence
• ISSN: 1559-6109
• DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-18-000112

Exposing immunodeficient mice to opportunistic microbes introduces risks of data variability, morbidity, mortality, and the invalidation of studies involving unique human reagents, including the loss of primary human hematopoietic cells, patient-derived xenografts, and experimental therapeutics. The prevalence of 15 opportunistic microbes in a murine research facility was determined by yearlong PCR-based murine and IVC equipment surveillance comprising 1738 specimens. Of the 8 microbes detected, 3 organisms- Staphylococcus xylosus, Proteus mirabilis, and Pasteurella pneumotropica biotype Heyl-were most prevalent in both murine and IVC exhaust plenum specimens. Overall, the 8 detectable microbes were more readily PCR-detectable in IVC exhaust airways than in murine specimens, supporting the utility of PCR testing of IVC exhaust airways as a component of immunodeficient murine health surveillance. Vaporized hydrogen peroxide (VHP) exposure of IVC equipment left unassembled (that is, in a 'static-open' configuration) did not eliminate PCR detectable evidence of microbes. In contrast, VHP exposure of IVC equipment assembled 'active-closed' eliminated PCR-detectable evidence of all microbes. Ensuring data integrity and maintaining a topographically complex immunodeficient murine research environment is facilitated by knowing the prevalent opportunistic microbes to be monitored and by implementing a PCR-validated method of facility decontamination that mitigates opportunistic microbes and the risk of invalidation of studies involving immunodeficient mice.