The Impact of Defective Viruses on Infection and Immunity

Defective viral genomes (DVGs) are generated during viral replication and are unable to carry out a full replication cycle unless coinfected with a full-length virus. DVGs are produced by many viruses, and their presence correlates with alterations in infection outcomes. Historically, DVGs were stud...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of virology 2019-09, Vol.6 (1), p.547-566
Main Authors: Genoyer, Emmanuelle, López, Carolina B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antiviral immunity
defective interfering particles
defective viral genomes
defective virus
viral interference
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Summary:Defective viral genomes (DVGs) are generated during viral replication and are unable to carry out a full replication cycle unless coinfected with a full-length virus. DVGs are produced by many viruses, and their presence correlates with alterations in infection outcomes. Historically, DVGs were studied for their ability to interfere with standard virus replication as well as for their association with viral persistence. More recently, a critical role for DVGs in inducing the innate immune response during infection was appreciated. Here we review the role of DVGs of RNA viruses in shaping outcomes of experimental as well as natural infections and explore the mechanisms by which DVGs impact infection outcome.
ISSN:2327-056X
2327-0578
DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-092818-015652