Direct and Indirect Effects of Behavioral Inhibition/Activation Systems on Depression and Current Suicidal Ideation Through Rumination and Self-Reflection

This study aimed to evaluate direct and indirect effects of the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and the behavioral activation system (BAS) on depression and current suicidal ideation through rumination and self-reflection in a sample of suicide attempters. Three hundred suicide attempters complet...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of suicide research 2020-10, Vol.24 (4), p.568-588
Main Authors: Khosravani, Vahid, Baseri, Ali, Kamali, Zoleikha, Mohammadzadeh, Ali, Amirinezhad, Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activation
Behavior
behavioral inhibition/activation systems
Cognitive behavioral therapy
depression
Focused attention
Indirect effects
Inhibition
Mental depression
Reflection
Rumination
self-reflection
Selfreflection
Suicidal ideation
Suicide
suicide attempters
Suicides & suicide attempts
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Summary:This study aimed to evaluate direct and indirect effects of the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and the behavioral activation system (BAS) on depression and current suicidal ideation through rumination and self-reflection in a sample of suicide attempters. Three hundred suicide attempters completed the Rumination/Reflection Questionnaire (RRQ), the Carver and White BIS/BAS scales, the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Results revealed that the BAS and BIS had direct effects on suicidal ideation but not depression. Low BAS had an indirect effect on depression through decreased self-reflection. High BIS had an indirect effect on depression via increased rumination. Low BAS and high BIS had indirect effects on suicidal ideation through decreased self-reflection. The findings suggest that low BAS and high BIS may be associated with depression and suicidal ideation in suicide attempters who have decreased self-reflection and increased rumination. Also, increasing self-reflection and reducing rumination as respectively adaptive and maladaptive self-focused attention strategies may prohibit depression and suicidal ideation.
ISSN:1381-1118
1543-6136
DOI:10.1080/13811118.2019.1649224