Photocatalytic degradation of ketoconazole by Z-scheme Ag 3 PO 4 /graphene oxide: response surface modeling and optimization

Ketoconazole is an imidazole fungicide which is commonly used as pharmaceutical and healthcare products. Residual amount of this compound can cause adverse ecological health problems. The present study investigated ketoconazole photocatalytic degradation using Ag PO /graphene oxide (GO). Ag PO /GO a...

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Published in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2020-01, Vol.27 (1), p.250
Main Authors: Nourieh, Nafiseh, Nabizadeh, Ramin, Faramarzi, Mohammad Ali, Nasseri, Simin, Yaghmaeian, Kamyar, Mahmoudi, Babak, Alimohammadi, Mahmood, Khoobi, Mehdi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Catalysis
Graphite - chemistry
Ketoconazole - chemistry
Light
Nanocomposites - chemistry
Phosphates - chemistry
Photochemical Processes
Silver
Silver Compounds - chemistry
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Summary:Ketoconazole is an imidazole fungicide which is commonly used as pharmaceutical and healthcare products. Residual amount of this compound can cause adverse ecological health problems. The present study investigated ketoconazole photocatalytic degradation using Ag PO /graphene oxide (GO). Ag PO /GO and Ag PO as visible light-driven photocatalysts was synthesized using the in situ growth method. Degradation of ketoconazole at the concentration of 1-20 mg/L in aqueous solutions was optimized in the presence of Ag PO /GO nanocomposite with the dosage of 0.5-2 g/L, contact time of 15-20 min, and pH of 5-9 using response surface methodology. A second-order model was selected as the best fitted model with R value and lack of fit as 0.935 and 0.06, respectively. Under the optimized conditions, the Ag PO /GO catalyst achieved a photocatalytic efficiency of 96.53% after 93.34 min. The photocatalytic activity, reaction kinetics, and stability were also investigated. The results indicated that the Ag PO /GO nanocomposite exhibited higher photocatalytic activity for ketoconazole degradation, which was 2.4 times that of pure Ag PO . Finally, a direct Z-scheme mechanism was found to be responsible for enhanced photocatalytic activity in the Ag PO /GO nanocomposite. The high photocatalytic activity, acceptable reusability, and good aqueous stability make the Ag PO /GO nanocomposite a promising nanophotocatalyst for photocatalytic degradation of azoles contaminants.
ISSN:1614-7499