Beneficial impact of exercise on bone mass in individuals under calorie restriction: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Background: A major therapeutic goal in weight management should be total body fat reduction whereas as preserving lean body mass and bone mass density. It is uncertain if an exercise program reduces the adverse effects of calorie restriction-induced weight loss in adults. Objective: The aim of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 2021, Vol.61 (4), p.553-565
Main Authors: Yarizadeh, Habib, Asadi, Sara, Baharlooi, Hussein, Setayesh, Leila, Kakavandi, Nader Rahimi, Hambly, Catherine, Djafarian, Kurosh, Mirzaei, Khadijeh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Adults
Biomedical materials
Body fat
Body mass
Body weight loss
bone
Bone Density
Bone mass
Bone mineral density
Caloric Restriction
calorie restriction
Calories
Clinical trials
Exercise
Female
Femur
Hip
Humans
Lean body mass
Lumbar Vertebrae
Menopause
Meta-analysis
Nutrient deficiency
Physical training
Post-menopause
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Reviews
Spine
Spine (lumbar)
Statistical analysis
Subgroups
Weight control
Weight loss
Weight reduction
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Summary:Background: A major therapeutic goal in weight management should be total body fat reduction whereas as preserving lean body mass and bone mass density. It is uncertain if an exercise program reduces the adverse effects of calorie restriction-induced weight loss in adults. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the differences in bone mass between adults who enrolled in a calorie restriction or an exercise-calorie restriction induced weight loss program. Data sources: Both PubMed and Scopus libraries were searched up to February 2020. Methods: Systematic reviews and a meta-analysis were carried out of randomized clinical trials (published to February 2020) on differences in bone mineral density and content (BMD and BMC) of adults who lost weight by calorie restriction alone (CR) or exercise-calorie restriction (CR-E). The study quality was calculated using the Cochrane scoring system. Retrieved data were pooled when weight mean differences (WMDs) were computed between two groups for BMD and BMC at various sites of the body. Results: Thirteen studies, with a total of 852 participants were included. Available evidence found significantly higher BMD at the hip (WMD: 0.03 g/cm 2 , 95%CI: 0.01 to 0.04, p 
ISSN:1040-8398
1549-7852
DOI:10.1080/10408398.2020.1739620