Energy transduction through FRET in self-assembled soft nanostructures based on surfactants/polymers: current scenario and prospects

The self-assembled systems of surfactants/polymers, which are capable of supporting energy funneling between fluorophores, have recently gained significant attraction. Surfactant and polymeric micelles form nanoscale structures spanning a radius of 2-10 nm are generally suitable for the transduction...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Soft matter 2021-01, Vol.17 (3), p.425-446
Main Authors: Lone, Mohd Sajid, Bhat, Parvaiz Ahmad, Afzal, Saima, Chat, Oyais Ahmad, Dar, Aijaz Ahmad
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Assemblies
Chemical compounds
Data encryption
Encryption
Energy
Energy transduction
Energy transfer
External stimuli
Fluorescence
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer
Fluorophores
Micelles
Nanostructure
Pollutants
Polymers
Reviews
Self-assembly
Solubilization
Surfactants
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Summary:The self-assembled systems of surfactants/polymers, which are capable of supporting energy funneling between fluorophores, have recently gained significant attraction. Surfactant and polymeric micelles form nanoscale structures spanning a radius of 2-10 nm are generally suitable for the transduction of energy among fluorophores. These systems have shown great potential in Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) due to their unique characteristics of being aqueous based, tendency to remain self-assembled, spontaneous formation, tunable nature, and responsiveness to different external stimuli. This review presents current developments in the field of energy transfer, particularly the multi-step FRET processes in the self-assembled nanostructures of surfactants/polymers. The part one of this review presents a background and brief overview of soft systems and discusses certain aspects of the self-assemblies of surfactants/polymers and their co-solubilization property to bring fluorophores to close proximity to transduce energy. The second part of this review deals with single-step and multi-step FRET in the self-assemblies of surfactants/polymers and links FRET systems with advanced smart technologies including multicolor formation, data encryption, and artificial antenna systems. This review also discusses the diverse examples in the literature to present the emerging applications of FRET. Finally, the prospects regarding further improvement of FRET in self-assembled soft systems are outlined. Multi-Step FRET in self-assembled Soft Systems.
ISSN:1744-683X
1744-6848
DOI:10.1039/d0sm01625j