Strategies to achieve significant physiological concentrations of bioactive phytoestrogens in plasma

The benefits to health attributed to the intake of phytoestrogens (PEs) have been demonstrated in previous studies with significant physiological concentrations of bioactive PEs, such as genistein, equol, enterolignans and urolithins in plasma. However, the achievement of high bioactive PE levels in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 2023, Vol.63 (14), p.2203-2215
Main Authors: Langa, Susana, Landete, José M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
bifidobacteria
Biological activity
Cardiovascular diseases
Colon cancer
Equol
Fermented food
Genistein
health
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Intestines - microbiology
lactic acid bacteria
Microbiota
Microorganisms
Physiology
Phytoestrogens
Plasma
Signs and symptoms
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Summary:The benefits to health attributed to the intake of phytoestrogens (PEs) have been demonstrated in previous studies with significant physiological concentrations of bioactive PEs, such as genistein, equol, enterolignans and urolithins in plasma. However, the achievement of high bioactive PE levels in plasma is restricted to a select population group, mainly due to the low intake of plant PEs and/or the absence, or inhibition, of the microbiota capable of producing these bioactive forms. In this study, the intake of plant PEs, the concentration of bioactive PEs in plasma, the ability of the intestinal microbiota to produce bioactive PEs, as well as the different mechanisms used by GRAS bacteria to increase the level of bioactive PEs were evaluated concluding that the use of GRAS bacteria bioactive PE producers and the development of fermented foods enriched in bioactive PEs in addition to a high intake of plant PEs and taking care of the intestinal microbiota, are some of the different strategies to achieve significant physiological concentrations of bioactive PEs in the intestine and, subsequently, in plasma and targets organs which are essential to improve menopausal symptoms or reduce the risk of some pathologies such as breast and colon cancer, or cardiovascular disease.
ISSN:1040-8398
1549-7852
DOI:10.1080/10408398.2021.1971946