1 H-NMR Metabolomics as a Tool for Winemaking Monitoring

The chemical composition of wine is known to be influenced by multiple factors including some viticulture practices and winemaking processes. H-NMR metabolomics has been successfully applied to the study of wine authenticity. In the present study, H-NMR metabolomics in combination with multivariate...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-11, Vol.26 (22)
Main Authors: Le Mao, Inès, Martin-Pernier, Jean, Bautista, Charlyne, Lacampagne, Soizic, Richard, Tristan, Da Costa, Gregory
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Metabolomics
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
Vitis - chemistry
Wine - analysis
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Summary:The chemical composition of wine is known to be influenced by multiple factors including some viticulture practices and winemaking processes. H-NMR metabolomics has been successfully applied to the study of wine authenticity. In the present study, H-NMR metabolomics in combination with multivariate analysis was applied to investigate the effects of grape maturity and enzyme and fining treatments on Cabernet Sauvignon wines. A total of forty wine metabolites were quantified. Three different stages of maturity were studied (under-maturity, maturity and over-maturity). Enzyme treatments were carried out using two pectolytic enzymes (E1 and E2). Finally, two proteinaceous fining treatments were compared (vegetable protein, fining F1; pea protein and PVPP, fining F2). The results show a clear difference between the three stages of maturity, with an impact on different classes of metabolites including amino acids, organic acids, sugars, phenolic compounds, alcohols and esters. A clear separation between enzymes E1 and E2 was observed. Both fining agents had a significant effect on metabolite concentrations. The results demonstrate that H-NMR metabolomics provides a fast and robust approach to study the effect of winemaking processes on wine metabolites. These results support the interest to pursue the development of H-NMR metabolomics to investigate the effects of winemaking on wine quality.
ISSN:1420-3049