N-chlorosuccinimide enhancing the antimicrobial effect of benzalkonium chloride on biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its interaction mechanisms

This study investigated the influence of N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) pretreatment on the antimicrobial effect of benzalkonium chloride (BZC, representative of QACs) against biofilm bacteria and its mechanisms. Results show that 0.04 − 0.07 mmol/L NCS pretreatment significantly increased the antimicrob...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering, 2022-07, Vol.57 (7), p.593-600
Main Authors: Huang, Zaihui, Qi, Zheng, Ding, Xiaohu, Liu, Chunguang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonium
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
antimicrobial agents
Antioxidants
Bacteria
Benzalkonium chloride
Biofilms
Catalase
Chlorides
cytotoxicity
Damage
ecotoxicology
Electron transport
Membrane permeability
Metabolic disorders
Permeability
Pretreatment
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants
Superoxide dismutase
Surfactants
Transportation systems
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:This study investigated the influence of N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) pretreatment on the antimicrobial effect of benzalkonium chloride (BZC, representative of QACs) against biofilm bacteria and its mechanisms. Results show that 0.04 − 0.07 mmol/L NCS pretreatment significantly increased the antimicrobial efficacy of 0.03 mmol/L BZC on biofilm cells by 30% − 70%. The main mechanisms involved membrane permeability, oxidative damage, and metabolic disorder. More precisely, NCS pretreatment increased the permeability of bacteria and reduced the activity of the electron transport system (ETS) and dehydrogenase (DHA). At the same time, the oxidative damage of both endogenous and exogenous ROS and the disorder of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) further improved their combined antibacterial ability. Moreover, NCS pretreatment greatly reduced the resistance of biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa to BZC. The findings of the study provide a new method to effectively enhance the antimicrobial efficiency of quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants (e.g., BZC) and reduce bacterial resistance, as well as a scientific guidance for the development of new antimicrobial products.
ISSN:1093-4529
1532-4117
DOI:10.1080/10934529.2022.2095176