How does multiple substrate binding lead to substrate inhibition of CYP2D6 metabolizing dextromethorphan? A theoretical study

• Published in: Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP 2023-02, Vol.25 (6), p.5164-5173
• Main Authors: Sun, Min-Zhang, Lyu, Ling-Shan, Zheng, Qing-Chuan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Binding; Biodegradation; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 - chemistry; Cytochromes P450; Dextromethorphan - chemistry; Drug Interactions; Humans; Models, Theoretical; Molecular dynamics; Quantum mechanics; Substrate inhibition; Substrate Specificity
• ISSN: 1463-9076; 1463-9084
• DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05634h

CYP2D6 is one of the most important metalloenzymes involved in the biodegradation of many drug molecules in the human body. It has been found that multiple substrate binding can lead to substrate inhibition of CYP2D6 metabolizing dextromethorphan (DM), but the corresponding theoretical mechanism is rarely reported. Therefore, we chose DM as the probe and performed molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanical calculations on CYP2D6-DM systems to investigate the mechanism of how the multiple substrate binding leads to the substrate inhibition of CYP2D6 metabolizing substrates. According to our results, three gate residues (Arg221, Val374, and Phe483) for the catalytic pocket are determined. We also found that the multiple substrate binding can lead to substrate inhibition by reducing the stability of CYP2D6 binding DM and increasing the reactive activation energy of the rate-determining step. Our findings would help to understand the substrate inhibition of CYP2D6 metabolizing the DM and enrich the knowledge of the drug-drug interactions for the cytochrome P450 superfamily. The multiple substrate binding event can lead to the self-inhibition of CYP2D6 metabolizing dextromethorphan.