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Heavy metalla vinyl-cations show metal-Lewis acid cooperativity in reaction with small molecules (NH, NH, HO, H)

Halide abstraction from tetrylidene complexes [TbbE(Br)IrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ] [E = Ge ( 1 ), Sn ( 2 )] and [Ar*E(Cl)IrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ] gives the salts [TbbEIrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 3 ), Sn ( 4 )] and [Ar*EIrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 3′ ), E = Sn ( 4′ )] (Tbb = 2,6-[CH(SiMe 3 ) 2 ] 2 -4-( t...

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Published in:Chemical science (Cambridge) 2023-01, Vol.14 (3), p.514-524
Main Authors: Auer, Maximilian, Bolten, Janina, Eichele, Klaus, Schubert, Hartmut, Sindlinger, Christian P, Wesemann, Lars
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description Halide abstraction from tetrylidene complexes [TbbE(Br)IrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ] [E = Ge ( 1 ), Sn ( 2 )] and [Ar*E(Cl)IrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ] gives the salts [TbbEIrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 3 ), Sn ( 4 )] and [Ar*EIrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 3′ ), E = Sn ( 4′ )] (Tbb = 2,6-[CH(SiMe 3 ) 2 ] 2 -4-( t -Bu)C 6 H 2 , Ar* = 2,6-Trip 2 C 6 H 3 , Trip = 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl). Bonding analysis suggests their most suitable description as metalla-tetrela vinyl cations with an Ir&z.dbd;E double bond and a near linear coordination at the Ge/Sn atoms. Cationic complexes 3 and 4 oxidatively add NH 3 , N 2 H 4 , H 2 O, HCl, and H 2 selectively to give: [TbbGe(NH 2 )IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 5 ), [TbbE(NHNH 2 )IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 7 ), Sn ( 8 )], [TbbE(OH)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 9 ), Sn ( 10 )], [TbbE(Cl)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 11a ), Sn ( 12a )], [TbbGe(H)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 13 ), [TbbSn(μ-H 3 )Ir(PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 14 ), and [TbbSn(H)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 15 ). 14 isomerizes to give 15 via an 1,2-H shift reaction. Hydride addition to cation 3 gives a mixture of products [TbbGeHIrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ] ( 16 ) and [TbbGeIrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ] ( 17 ) and a reversible 1,2-H shift between 16 and 17 was studied. In the tin case 4 the dihydride [TbbSnIrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ] ( 18 ) was isolated exclusively. The PMe 3 and PEt 3 derivatives, 18 and [TbbSnIrH 2 (PEt 3 ) 3 ] ( 19 ), respectively, could also be synthesized in reaction of [TbbSnH 2 ] − with the respective chloride [(R 3 P) n IrCl] (R = Me, n = 4; R = Et, n = 3). Reaction of complex 19 with CO gives the substitution product [TbbSnIrH 2 (CO)(PEt 3 ) 2 ] ( 20 ). Further reaction with CO results in hydrogen transfer from the iridium to the tin atom to give [TbbSnH 2 Ir(CO) 2 (PEt 3 ) 2 ] ( 21 ). The reversibility of this ligand induced reductive elimination transferring 20 to 21 is shown. Tetrylidinium-iridium cations [ArE = IrHL 3 ] + (E = Ge, Sn) show a vinyl-cation type bonding situation and are highly reactive electrophiles acting as a cooperative metal-ligand Lewis acid enabling 1,2-addition of NH 3 , N 2 H 4 , H 2 O, HCl and H 2 .
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Bonding analysis suggests their most suitable description as metalla-tetrela vinyl cations with an Ir&amp;z.dbd;E double bond and a near linear coordination at the Ge/Sn atoms. Cationic complexes 3 and 4 oxidatively add NH 3 , N 2 H 4 , H 2 O, HCl, and H 2 selectively to give: [TbbGe(NH 2 )IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 5 ), [TbbE(NHNH 2 )IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 7 ), Sn ( 8 )], [TbbE(OH)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 9 ), Sn ( 10 )], [TbbE(Cl)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 11a ), Sn ( 12a )], [TbbGe(H)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 13 ), [TbbSn(μ-H 3 )Ir(PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 14 ), and [TbbSn(H)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 15 ). 14 isomerizes to give 15 via an 1,2-H shift reaction. Hydride addition to cation 3 gives a mixture of products [TbbGeHIrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ] ( 16 ) and [TbbGeIrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ] ( 17 ) and a reversible 1,2-H shift between 16 and 17 was studied. In the tin case 4 the dihydride [TbbSnIrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ] ( 18 ) was isolated exclusively. The PMe 3 and PEt 3 derivatives, 18 and [TbbSnIrH 2 (PEt 3 ) 3 ] ( 19 ), respectively, could also be synthesized in reaction of [TbbSnH 2 ] − with the respective chloride [(R 3 P) n IrCl] (R = Me, n = 4; R = Et, n = 3). Reaction of complex 19 with CO gives the substitution product [TbbSnIrH 2 (CO)(PEt 3 ) 2 ] ( 20 ). Further reaction with CO results in hydrogen transfer from the iridium to the tin atom to give [TbbSnH 2 Ir(CO) 2 (PEt 3 ) 2 ] ( 21 ). The reversibility of this ligand induced reductive elimination transferring 20 to 21 is shown. Tetrylidinium-iridium cations [ArE = IrHL 3 ] + (E = Ge, Sn) show a vinyl-cation type bonding situation and are highly reactive electrophiles acting as a cooperative metal-ligand Lewis acid enabling 1,2-addition of NH 3 , N 2 H 4 , H 2 O, HCl and H 2 .</description><identifier>ISSN: 2041-6520</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2041-6539</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05620h</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36741530</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Royal Society of Chemistry</publisher><subject>Ammonia ; Cations ; Chemical synthesis ; Dihydrides ; Germanium ; Iridium ; Lewis acid ; Shift reaction ; Substitution reactions ; Tin</subject><ispartof>Chemical science (Cambridge), 2023-01, Vol.14 (3), p.514-524</ispartof><rights>This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.</rights><rights>Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c303t-15c4dd4dfb2aa99474a4dad57f7403087649c6d88430b5e9f1c7892a297f0dce3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c303t-15c4dd4dfb2aa99474a4dad57f7403087649c6d88430b5e9f1c7892a297f0dce3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0392-7149 ; 0000-0003-4701-4410</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36741530$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Auer, Maximilian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bolten, Janina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eichele, Klaus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schubert, Hartmut</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sindlinger, Christian P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wesemann, Lars</creatorcontrib><title>Heavy metalla vinyl-cations show metal-Lewis acid cooperativity in reaction with small molecules (NH, NH, HO, H)</title><title>Chemical science (Cambridge)</title><addtitle>Chem Sci</addtitle><description>Halide abstraction from tetrylidene complexes [TbbE(Br)IrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ] [E = Ge ( 1 ), Sn ( 2 )] and [Ar*E(Cl)IrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ] gives the salts [TbbEIrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 3 ), Sn ( 4 )] and [Ar*EIrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 3′ ), E = Sn ( 4′ )] (Tbb = 2,6-[CH(SiMe 3 ) 2 ] 2 -4-( t -Bu)C 6 H 2 , Ar* = 2,6-Trip 2 C 6 H 3 , Trip = 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl). Bonding analysis suggests their most suitable description as metalla-tetrela vinyl cations with an Ir&amp;z.dbd;E double bond and a near linear coordination at the Ge/Sn atoms. Cationic complexes 3 and 4 oxidatively add NH 3 , N 2 H 4 , H 2 O, HCl, and H 2 selectively to give: [TbbGe(NH 2 )IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 5 ), [TbbE(NHNH 2 )IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 7 ), Sn ( 8 )], [TbbE(OH)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 9 ), Sn ( 10 )], [TbbE(Cl)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 11a ), Sn ( 12a )], [TbbGe(H)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 13 ), [TbbSn(μ-H 3 )Ir(PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 14 ), and [TbbSn(H)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 15 ). 14 isomerizes to give 15 via an 1,2-H shift reaction. Hydride addition to cation 3 gives a mixture of products [TbbGeHIrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ] ( 16 ) and [TbbGeIrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ] ( 17 ) and a reversible 1,2-H shift between 16 and 17 was studied. In the tin case 4 the dihydride [TbbSnIrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ] ( 18 ) was isolated exclusively. The PMe 3 and PEt 3 derivatives, 18 and [TbbSnIrH 2 (PEt 3 ) 3 ] ( 19 ), respectively, could also be synthesized in reaction of [TbbSnH 2 ] − with the respective chloride [(R 3 P) n IrCl] (R = Me, n = 4; R = Et, n = 3). Reaction of complex 19 with CO gives the substitution product [TbbSnIrH 2 (CO)(PEt 3 ) 2 ] ( 20 ). Further reaction with CO results in hydrogen transfer from the iridium to the tin atom to give [TbbSnH 2 Ir(CO) 2 (PEt 3 ) 2 ] ( 21 ). The reversibility of this ligand induced reductive elimination transferring 20 to 21 is shown. Tetrylidinium-iridium cations [ArE = IrHL 3 ] + (E = Ge, Sn) show a vinyl-cation type bonding situation and are highly reactive electrophiles acting as a cooperative metal-ligand Lewis acid enabling 1,2-addition of NH 3 , N 2 H 4 , H 2 O, HCl and H 2 .</description><subject>Ammonia</subject><subject>Cations</subject><subject>Chemical synthesis</subject><subject>Dihydrides</subject><subject>Germanium</subject><subject>Iridium</subject><subject>Lewis acid</subject><subject>Shift reaction</subject><subject>Substitution reactions</subject><subject>Tin</subject><issn>2041-6520</issn><issn>2041-6539</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpdkd1LwzAUxYMoOqYvvisBX6ZYzVeb5lHmR4WhD-pzyZKUZbTNTNqN_fdmTid44XAD95fDTQ4ApxjdYETFrSZBoTQjaLYHBgQxnGQpFfu7M0FH4CSEOYpFKU4JPwRHNOMMpxQNwKIwcrmGjelkXUu4tO26TpTsrGsDDDO32o6SiVnZAKWyGirnFsZHZGm7NbQt9EaqzQW4st0MhiY6wcbVRvW1CXD0UlzDjYrXqMtjcFDJOpiTnz4EH48P7-Mimbw-PY_vJomiiHYJThXTmulqSqQUgnEmmZY65RVniKKcZ0yoTOc5o2iaGlFhxXNBJBG8QloZOgSjre_Cu8_ehK5sbFAmPrI1rg8l4ZxynGMiInrxD5273rdxu0hlGctRTkmkrraU8i4Eb6py4W0j_brEqNxEUd6Tt_F3FEWEz38s-2lj9A79_fgInG0BH9Ru-pcl_QJTjIup</recordid><startdate>20230118</startdate><enddate>20230118</enddate><creator>Auer, Maximilian</creator><creator>Bolten, Janina</creator><creator>Eichele, Klaus</creator><creator>Schubert, Hartmut</creator><creator>Sindlinger, Christian P</creator><creator>Wesemann, Lars</creator><general>Royal Society of Chemistry</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0392-7149</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4701-4410</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230118</creationdate><title>Heavy metalla vinyl-cations show metal-Lewis acid cooperativity in reaction with small molecules (NH, NH, HO, H)</title><author>Auer, Maximilian ; Bolten, Janina ; Eichele, Klaus ; Schubert, Hartmut ; Sindlinger, Christian P ; Wesemann, Lars</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c303t-15c4dd4dfb2aa99474a4dad57f7403087649c6d88430b5e9f1c7892a297f0dce3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Ammonia</topic><topic>Cations</topic><topic>Chemical synthesis</topic><topic>Dihydrides</topic><topic>Germanium</topic><topic>Iridium</topic><topic>Lewis acid</topic><topic>Shift reaction</topic><topic>Substitution reactions</topic><topic>Tin</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Auer, Maximilian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bolten, Janina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eichele, Klaus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schubert, Hartmut</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sindlinger, Christian P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wesemann, Lars</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Chemical science (Cambridge)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Auer, Maximilian</au><au>Bolten, Janina</au><au>Eichele, Klaus</au><au>Schubert, Hartmut</au><au>Sindlinger, Christian P</au><au>Wesemann, Lars</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Heavy metalla vinyl-cations show metal-Lewis acid cooperativity in reaction with small molecules (NH, NH, HO, H)</atitle><jtitle>Chemical science (Cambridge)</jtitle><addtitle>Chem Sci</addtitle><date>2023-01-18</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>514</spage><epage>524</epage><pages>514-524</pages><issn>2041-6520</issn><eissn>2041-6539</eissn><abstract>Halide abstraction from tetrylidene complexes [TbbE(Br)IrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ] [E = Ge ( 1 ), Sn ( 2 )] and [Ar*E(Cl)IrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ] gives the salts [TbbEIrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 3 ), Sn ( 4 )] and [Ar*EIrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 3′ ), E = Sn ( 4′ )] (Tbb = 2,6-[CH(SiMe 3 ) 2 ] 2 -4-( t -Bu)C 6 H 2 , Ar* = 2,6-Trip 2 C 6 H 3 , Trip = 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl). Bonding analysis suggests their most suitable description as metalla-tetrela vinyl cations with an Ir&amp;z.dbd;E double bond and a near linear coordination at the Ge/Sn atoms. Cationic complexes 3 and 4 oxidatively add NH 3 , N 2 H 4 , H 2 O, HCl, and H 2 selectively to give: [TbbGe(NH 2 )IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 5 ), [TbbE(NHNH 2 )IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 7 ), Sn ( 8 )], [TbbE(OH)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 9 ), Sn ( 10 )], [TbbE(Cl)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] [E = Ge ( 11a ), Sn ( 12a )], [TbbGe(H)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 13 ), [TbbSn(μ-H 3 )Ir(PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 14 ), and [TbbSn(H)IrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ][BAr F 4 ] ( 15 ). 14 isomerizes to give 15 via an 1,2-H shift reaction. Hydride addition to cation 3 gives a mixture of products [TbbGeHIrH(PMe 3 ) 3 ] ( 16 ) and [TbbGeIrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ] ( 17 ) and a reversible 1,2-H shift between 16 and 17 was studied. In the tin case 4 the dihydride [TbbSnIrH 2 (PMe 3 ) 3 ] ( 18 ) was isolated exclusively. The PMe 3 and PEt 3 derivatives, 18 and [TbbSnIrH 2 (PEt 3 ) 3 ] ( 19 ), respectively, could also be synthesized in reaction of [TbbSnH 2 ] − with the respective chloride [(R 3 P) n IrCl] (R = Me, n = 4; R = Et, n = 3). Reaction of complex 19 with CO gives the substitution product [TbbSnIrH 2 (CO)(PEt 3 ) 2 ] ( 20 ). Further reaction with CO results in hydrogen transfer from the iridium to the tin atom to give [TbbSnH 2 Ir(CO) 2 (PEt 3 ) 2 ] ( 21 ). The reversibility of this ligand induced reductive elimination transferring 20 to 21 is shown. Tetrylidinium-iridium cations [ArE = IrHL 3 ] + (E = Ge, Sn) show a vinyl-cation type bonding situation and are highly reactive electrophiles acting as a cooperative metal-ligand Lewis acid enabling 1,2-addition of NH 3 , N 2 H 4 , H 2 O, HCl and H 2 .</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Royal Society of Chemistry</pub><pmid>36741530</pmid><doi>10.1039/d2sc05620h</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0392-7149</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4701-4410</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Ammonia
Cations
Chemical synthesis
Dihydrides
Germanium
Iridium
Lewis acid
Shift reaction
Substitution reactions
Tin
title Heavy metalla vinyl-cations show metal-Lewis acid cooperativity in reaction with small molecules (NH, NH, HO, H)
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