Monometallic and alloy nanoparticles: a review of biomedical applications

Current intrinsic deficiencies in biomedicine promote the rapid development of alternative multitasking approaches. Recently, monometallic and alloy nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely studied for their potential biomedical applications. However, the research mainly focuses on monometallic compound...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine Materials for biology and medicine, 2023-04, Vol.11 (14), p.354-37
Main Authors: Koroleva, Elizaveta A, Shabalkin, Ilya D, Krivoshapkin, Pavel V
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alloys
Bimetals
Biomedical materials
Biomolecules
Humans
Iron
Iron compounds
Liquid alloys
Materials science
Metal Nanoparticles
Metal oxides
Metals
Multitasking
Nanoalloys
Nanomaterials
Nanoparticles
Nanostructures
Nanotechnology
Organic coatings
Platinum
Platinum metals
Polymers
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Summary:Current intrinsic deficiencies in biomedicine promote the rapid development of alternative multitasking approaches. Recently, monometallic and alloy nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely studied for their potential biomedical applications. However, the research mainly focuses on monometallic compounds and metal oxide NPs that have already been studied. In this review, we investigate promising modified mono- and bimetallic NPs for improving the current state of materials science in medicine. It was contended that effective general biomedical applications can be enhanced by intelligent NP design. Particularly, we discuss transition and platinum metal compositions, iron-based and non-iron compounds, along with liquid alloys. Subsequently, we explore the capabilities provided by modifications such as inorganic and organic coatings, polymers, and biomolecules that can invent new NP designs for precise applications, ultimately resulting in an improved patient outcome. We provide a comprehensive assessment of the advantages and limitations of monometallic and alloy nanomaterials and possible solutions to problems that delay their development. Currently, novel mono- and bimetallic NPs are providing a lot of attention for applications in biomedicine. Most significant areas of their potential implementation includes theranostics, drug delivery, biosensing and anti-infective applications.
ISSN:2050-750X
2050-7518
DOI:10.1039/d2tb02169b