Mutagenic activity of rhodamine dyes and their impurities as detected by mutation induction in Salmonella and DNA damage in Chinese hamster ovary cells

Commercial rhodamine dyes 6G and B induce His+ reversion mutations in Salmonella and single-strand breaks in Chinese hamster ovary cells, as detected by alkaline sucrose sedimentation. Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver homogenate (S9) is required for production of genetic activity by these dyes. Rhodam...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer research (Chicago, Ill.) Ill.), 1979-11, Vol.39 (11), p.4412
Main Authors: Nestmann, E R, Douglas, G R, Matula, T I, Grant, C E, Kowbel, D J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cells, Cultured
Cricetinae
DNA, Single-Stranded - metabolism
Female
Mutagens
Mutation - drug effects
Ovary
Rhodamines - pharmacology
Salmonella typhimurium - drug effects
Xanthenes - pharmacology
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Summary:Commercial rhodamine dyes 6G and B induce His+ reversion mutations in Salmonella and single-strand breaks in Chinese hamster ovary cells, as detected by alkaline sucrose sedimentation. Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver homogenate (S9) is required for production of genetic activity by these dyes. Rhodamine 6G induces both frameshift and base substitution mutations, whereas rhodamine B induces only frameshift mutations. Rhodamine 6G is genetically more active and more toxic than is rhodamine B in both the bacterial and mammalian assays. Rhodamine 6G and B induce doublings of His+ revertants in Salmonella at the doses of 0.02 and 0.52 mumol/plate and shifts in the molecular weight of Chinese hamster ovary DNA at concentrations of 9 x 10(-5) and 9 x 10(-4) M, respectively. All genetic effects assayed demonstrate dose-related increases. Further testing of the pure dyes in Salmonella revealed that rhodamine B loses most of its mutagenicity with purification, whereas rhodamine 6G does not. Impurities from commercial rhodamine B demonstrate the same extent of mutagenicity as the commercial dye.
ISSN:0008-5472