Chemistries and materials for atmospheric water harvesting

Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is recognized as a crucial strategy to address the global challenge of water scarcity by tapping into the vast reserves of atmospheric moisture for potable water supply. Within this domain, sorbents lie in the core of AWH technologies as they possess broad adaptabi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemical Society reviews 2024-07, Vol.53 (14), p.7328-7362
Main Authors: Lei, Chuxin, Guan, Weixin, Zhao, Yaxuan, Yu, Guihua
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atmospheric moisture
Design factors
Design optimization
Drinking water
Sorbents
Sorption
Water supply systems
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Summary:Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is recognized as a crucial strategy to address the global challenge of water scarcity by tapping into the vast reserves of atmospheric moisture for potable water supply. Within this domain, sorbents lie in the core of AWH technologies as they possess broad adaptability across a wide spectrum of humidity levels, underpinned by the cyclic sorption and desorption processes of sorbents, necessitating a multi-scale viewpoint regarding the rational material and chemical selection and design. This Invited Review delves into the essential sorption mechanisms observed across various classes of sorbent systems, emphasizing the water-sorbent interactions and the progression of water networks. A special focus is placed on the insights derived from isotherm profiles, which elucidate sorbent structures and sorption dynamics. From these foundational principles, we derive material and chemical design guidelines and identify key tuning factors from a structural-functional perspective across multiple material systems, addressing their fundamental chemistries and unique attributes. The review further navigates through system-level design considerations to optimize water production efficiency. This review aims to equip researchers in the field of AWH with a thorough understanding of the water-sorbent interactions, material design principles, and system-level considerations essential for advancing this technology. This Tutorial Review on atmospheric water harvesting evaluates sorbents' essential mechanisms and design principles, focusing on chemical and material system-level strategies to enhance water production efficiency and address global water scarcity.
ISSN:0306-0012
1460-4744
1460-4744
DOI:10.1039/d4cs00423j