Acute effects of outdoor versus indoor exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Exercise and nature exposure are independently recognised for their positive relationship with health, but their combined effects are not fully understood. The present review summarises the evidence that compares physiological and perceptual differences of a single bout of exercise performed outdoor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Health psychology review 2024-12, Vol.18 (4), p.853-883
Main Authors: Peddie, Luke, Gosselin Boucher, Vincent, Buckler, E. Jean, Noseworthy, Matt, Haight, Brook L., Pratt, Spencer, Injege, Boaz, Koehle, Michael, Faulkner, Guy, Puterman, Eli
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bias
Cardiovascular response
Enjoyment
Environment
Exercise
green exercise
High risk
Humans
meta-analysis
Outdoor exercise
Outdoors
perceived exertion
physical activity promotion
Physiology
Pleasure - physiology
Risk assessment
Systematic review
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Summary:Exercise and nature exposure are independently recognised for their positive relationship with health, but their combined effects are not fully understood. The present review summarises the evidence that compares physiological and perceptual differences of a single bout of exercise performed outdoors versus indoors. Nine databases were searched for articles published before March 2021 which utilised controlled designs to assess at least one physiological outcome during or after a single acute bout of outdoor exercise. When appropriate, quantitative analyses were completed. Quality of articles was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. The findings of 38 articles (Total N = 1168) were examined. Participants were primarily healthy. Summarised outcomes included objective exercise intensity, perceived exertion, performance, neuroendocrine and metabolic responses, cardiovascular responses, thermoregulation, enjoyment, intention for future exercise, and perceptions of the environment. Outdoor environments increased enjoyment (N = 234, K = 10, g = 1.24, 95% CI = [0.59, 1.89], p 
ISSN:1743-7199
1743-7202
1743-7202
DOI:10.1080/17437199.2024.2383758