Nanomaterial combined engineered bacteria for intelligent tumor immunotherapy

• Published in: Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine Materials for biology and medicine, 2024-10, Vol.12 (39), p.9795-982
• Main Authors: Qin, Shurong, He, Guanzhong, Yang, Jingjing
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adaptive control; Adaptive immunity; Bacteria; Immunosuppression; Immunotherapy; Microenvironments; Nanomaterials; Nanotechnology; Plant layout; Toxicity; Tumors
• ISSN: 2050-750X; 2050-7518; 2050-7518
• DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00741g

Cancer remains the leading cause of human death worldwide. Compared to traditional therapies, tumor immunotherapy has received a lot of attention and research focus due to its potential to activate both innate and adaptive immunity, low toxicity to normal tissue, and long-term immune activity. However, its clinical effectiveness and large-scale application are limited due to the immunosuppression microenvironment, lack of spatiotemporal control, expensive cost, and long manufacturing time. Recently, nanomaterial combined engineered bacteria have emerged as a promising solution to the challenges of tumor immunotherapy, which offers spatiotemporal control, reversal of immunosuppression, and scalable production. Therefore, we summarize the latest research on nanomaterial-assisted engineered bacteria for precise tumor immunotherapies, including the cross-talk of nanomaterials and bacteria as well as their application in different immunotherapies. In addition, we further discuss the advantages and challenges of nanomaterial-engineered bacteria and their future prospects, inspiring more novel and intelligent tumor immunotherapy. Compared to traditional therapies, tumor immunotherapy has received a lot of attention and research focus due to its potential to activate both innate and adaptive immunity, cause low toxicity to normal tissue, and induce long-term immune activity.