Peroxidase-like Nanoparticles of Noble Metals Stimulate Increasing Sensitivity of Flavocytochrome b 2 -Based L-Lactate Biosensors

We report the development of amperometric biosensors (ABSs) employing flavocytochrome (Fc ) coupled with nanoparticles (NPs) of noble metals on graphite electrode (GE) surfaces. Each NPs/GE configuration was evaluated for its ability to decompose hydrogen peroxide (H O ), mimicking peroxidase (PO) a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biosensors (Basel) 2024-11, Vol.14 (11)
Main Authors: Gayda, Galina, Demkiv, Olha, Stasyuk, Nataliya, Boretsky, Yuriy, Gonchar, Mykhailo, Nisnevitch, Marina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biosensing Techniques
Catalysis
Electrochemical Techniques
Electrodes
Graphite - chemistry
Hydrogen Peroxide
Lactic Acid
Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry
Metals - chemistry
Nanoparticles - chemistry
Oxidation-Reduction
Peroxidase
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Summary:We report the development of amperometric biosensors (ABSs) employing flavocytochrome (Fc ) coupled with nanoparticles (NPs) of noble metals on graphite electrode (GE) surfaces. Each NPs/GE configuration was evaluated for its ability to decompose hydrogen peroxide (H O ), mimicking peroxidase (PO) activity. The most effective nanoPO (nPO) was selected for developing ABSs targeting L-lactate. Consequently, several Fc /nPO-based ABSs with enhanced sensitivity to L-lactate were developed, demonstrating mediated ET between Fc and the GE surface. The positive effect of noble metal NPs on Fc -based sensor sensitivity may be explained by the synergy between their dual roles as both PO mimetics and electron transfer mediators. Furthermore, our findings provide preliminary data that may prompt a re-evaluation of the mechanism of L-lactate oxidation in Fc -mediated catalysis. Previously, it was believed that L-lactate oxidation via Fc catalysis did not produce H O , unlike catalysis via L-lactate oxidase. Our initial research revealed that the inclusion of nPO in Fc -based ABSs significantly increased their sensitivity. Employing other PO mimetics in ABSs for L-lactate yielded similar results, reinforcing our hypothesis that trace amounts of H O may be generated as a transient intermediate in this reaction. The presence of nPO enhances the L-lactate oxidation rate through H O utilization, leading to signal amplification and heightened bioelectrode sensitivity. The proposed ABSs have been successfully tested on blood serum and fermented food samples, showing their promise for L-lactate monitoring in medicine and the food industry.
ISSN:2079-6374
DOI:10.3390/bios14110562