Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins roles in the regulation of immune system responses: Focus on autoimmune diseases

• Published in: Experimental cell research 2024-12, Vol.444 (2), p.114379, Article 114379
• Main Authors: Uthirapathy, Subasini, Ahmed, Abdulrahman T., Jawad, Mahmood, Jain, Vicky, Ballal, Suhas, Abdul Kareem Al-Hetty, Hussein Riyadh, Khandelwal, Gaurav, Arya, Renu, Muthena kariem, Mustafa, Yasser Fakri
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Autoimmune diseases; E3 ubiquitin ligase; NLRs; TLRs; TRIM
• ISSN: 0014-4827; 1090-2422; 1090-2422
• DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114379

The tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are well-studied as essential modulators of many processes, including the modulation of several pathways linked to immunological reactions. Most TRIM family members can polyubiquitinate the targeted proteins by acting as E3 ubiquitin ligases. According to current research, TRIMs play a critical role in innate immune response via modifying transcription factors, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), and key adaptor proteins within innate immunity. It is becoming clearer that TRIMs play important roles in adaptive immune response, especially in the stimulation and promotion of T cells. We highlight the E3 ubiquitin ligase functions of TRIMs in the PRRs axis linked to autoimmune disorders. By focusing on TRIM family members, we also clarify the new approaches to regulating immunological reactions to alleviate autoimmunity.