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Barbiturates, smoking, and bladder cancer risk
Phenobarbital treatment has been observed to be negatively associated with bladder cancer risk in a few studies. It has been suggested that phenobarbital may induce drug-metabolizing enzymes that detoxify the bladder carcinogens found in cigarette smoke. We examined the relationship of barbiturate u...
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| Published in: | Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention biomarkers & prevention, 1998-11, Vol.7 (11), p.1049 |
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Language: | English |
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| container_issue | 11 |
| container_start_page | 1049 |
| container_title | Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention |
| container_volume | 7 |
| creator | Habel, L A Bull, S A Friedman, G D |
| description | Phenobarbital treatment has been observed to be negatively associated with bladder cancer risk in a few studies. It has been
suggested that phenobarbital may induce drug-metabolizing enzymes that detoxify the bladder carcinogens found in cigarette
smoke. We examined the relationship of barbiturate use to bladder cancer risk and the potential modifying effect of cigarette
smoking in a large cohort of Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program members with computerized pharmacy prescriptions and smoking
information. Newly diagnosed bladder cancers were identified among individuals in the study cohort by linkage with data from
cancer registries. The overall standardized incidence ratio associated with barbiturate use was 0.71 [95% confidence interval
(CI), 0.51-0.99]. Among current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers, the standardized incidence ratios were 0.56 (95%
CI, 0.23-1.16), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.27-1.40), and 1.04 (95% CI, 0.48-1.98), respectively. Although our estimates were imprecise,
the finding of an inverse association between barbiturate treatment and bladder cancer risk only among current and former
cigarette smokers is consistent with the hypothesis that treatment with these medications induces drug-metabolizing enzymes
that deactivate bladder carcinogens found in cigarette smoke. |
| format | article |
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suggested that phenobarbital may induce drug-metabolizing enzymes that detoxify the bladder carcinogens found in cigarette
smoke. We examined the relationship of barbiturate use to bladder cancer risk and the potential modifying effect of cigarette
smoking in a large cohort of Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program members with computerized pharmacy prescriptions and smoking
information. Newly diagnosed bladder cancers were identified among individuals in the study cohort by linkage with data from
cancer registries. The overall standardized incidence ratio associated with barbiturate use was 0.71 [95% confidence interval
(CI), 0.51-0.99]. Among current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers, the standardized incidence ratios were 0.56 (95%
CI, 0.23-1.16), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.27-1.40), and 1.04 (95% CI, 0.48-1.98), respectively. Although our estimates were imprecise,
the finding of an inverse association between barbiturate treatment and bladder cancer risk only among current and former
cigarette smokers is consistent with the hypothesis that treatment with these medications induces drug-metabolizing enzymes
that deactivate bladder carcinogens found in cigarette smoke.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1055-9965</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1538-7755</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9829715</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Association for Cancer Research</publisher><subject>California - epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives - therapeutic use ; Incidence ; Phenobarbital - therapeutic use ; Risk Factors ; Smoking - adverse effects ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - prevention & control</subject><ispartof>Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention, 1998-11, Vol.7 (11), p.1049</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9829715$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Habel, L A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bull, S A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Friedman, G D</creatorcontrib><title>Barbiturates, smoking, and bladder cancer risk</title><title>Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention</title><addtitle>Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev</addtitle><description>Phenobarbital treatment has been observed to be negatively associated with bladder cancer risk in a few studies. It has been
suggested that phenobarbital may induce drug-metabolizing enzymes that detoxify the bladder carcinogens found in cigarette
smoke. We examined the relationship of barbiturate use to bladder cancer risk and the potential modifying effect of cigarette
smoking in a large cohort of Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program members with computerized pharmacy prescriptions and smoking
information. Newly diagnosed bladder cancers were identified among individuals in the study cohort by linkage with data from
cancer registries. The overall standardized incidence ratio associated with barbiturate use was 0.71 [95% confidence interval
(CI), 0.51-0.99]. Among current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers, the standardized incidence ratios were 0.56 (95%
CI, 0.23-1.16), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.27-1.40), and 1.04 (95% CI, 0.48-1.98), respectively. Although our estimates were imprecise,
the finding of an inverse association between barbiturate treatment and bladder cancer risk only among current and former
cigarette smokers is consistent with the hypothesis that treatment with these medications induces drug-metabolizing enzymes
that deactivate bladder carcinogens found in cigarette smoke.</description><subject>California - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypnotics and Sedatives - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Phenobarbital - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Smoking - adverse effects</subject><subject>Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - prevention & control</subject><issn>1055-9965</issn><issn>1538-7755</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNotjktLAzEURoMotVZ_gjBLFx3JY26Su9TiCwpudB2SybUT2xlLMkX89w60q_PBgY9zxuYClK2NATifNgeoETVcsqtSvjnnBgFmbIZWohEwZ_ePPoc0HrIfqSyr0v9s07BZVn6IVdj5GClXrR_aCTmV7TW7-PK7QjcnLtjn89PH6rVev7-8rR7WdScVjrWXMigtozEkrA3YkLXCCuBNCA2iDJGChii1UtYIG4VGwwMKo3UgjFIt2O3xd38IPUW3z6n3-c-duid_d_Rd2nS_KZM7RmYq5HPbOeOEcII3qP4BPf5Llw</recordid><startdate>19981101</startdate><enddate>19981101</enddate><creator>Habel, L A</creator><creator>Bull, S A</creator><creator>Friedman, G D</creator><general>American Association for Cancer Research</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19981101</creationdate><title>Barbiturates, smoking, and bladder cancer risk</title><author>Habel, L A ; Bull, S A ; Friedman, G D</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-h239t-a22b362d77e188b94e88181504bb4992bdeb65d26338718d16970b91766be9d23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>California - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypnotics and Sedatives - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Phenobarbital - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Smoking - adverse effects</topic><topic>Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - prevention & control</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Habel, L A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bull, S A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Friedman, G D</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><jtitle>Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Habel, L A</au><au>Bull, S A</au><au>Friedman, G D</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Barbiturates, smoking, and bladder cancer risk</atitle><jtitle>Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention</jtitle><addtitle>Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev</addtitle><date>1998-11-01</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1049</spage><pages>1049-</pages><issn>1055-9965</issn><eissn>1538-7755</eissn><abstract>Phenobarbital treatment has been observed to be negatively associated with bladder cancer risk in a few studies. It has been
suggested that phenobarbital may induce drug-metabolizing enzymes that detoxify the bladder carcinogens found in cigarette
smoke. We examined the relationship of barbiturate use to bladder cancer risk and the potential modifying effect of cigarette
smoking in a large cohort of Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program members with computerized pharmacy prescriptions and smoking
information. Newly diagnosed bladder cancers were identified among individuals in the study cohort by linkage with data from
cancer registries. The overall standardized incidence ratio associated with barbiturate use was 0.71 [95% confidence interval
(CI), 0.51-0.99]. Among current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers, the standardized incidence ratios were 0.56 (95%
CI, 0.23-1.16), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.27-1.40), and 1.04 (95% CI, 0.48-1.98), respectively. Although our estimates were imprecise,
the finding of an inverse association between barbiturate treatment and bladder cancer risk only among current and former
cigarette smokers is consistent with the hypothesis that treatment with these medications induces drug-metabolizing enzymes
that deactivate bladder carcinogens found in cigarette smoke.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Association for Cancer Research</pub><pmid>9829715</pmid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention, 1998-11, Vol.7 (11), p.1049 |
| issn | 1055-9965 1538-7755 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmed_primary_9829715 |
| source | EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | California - epidemiology Cohort Studies Humans Hypnotics and Sedatives - therapeutic use Incidence Phenobarbital - therapeutic use Risk Factors Smoking - adverse effects Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - epidemiology Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - prevention & control |
| title | Barbiturates, smoking, and bladder cancer risk |
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