Bio-medical imaging (X-ray, CT, ultrasound, ECG), genome sequences applications of deep neural network and machine learning in diagnosis, detection, classification, and segmentation of COVID-19: a Meta-analysis & systematic review

• Published in: Multimedia tools and applications 2023-10, Vol.82 (25), p.39157-39210
• Main Authors: Bhosale, Yogesh H., Patnaik, K. Sridhar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Artificial neural networks; Computed tomography; Computer Communication Networks; Computer Science; COVID-19; Data Structures and Information Theory; Epidemics; Gene sequencing; Genomes; Hybrid systems; Image segmentation; Literature reviews; Machine learning; Medical imaging; Meta-analysis; Multimedia Information Systems; Neural networks; Performance measurement; Special Purpose and Application-Based Systems; Taxonomy; Track 2: Medical Applications of Multimedia; Ultrasonic imaging; X ray imagery
• ISSN: 1380-7501; 1573-7721
• DOI: 10.1007/s11042-023-15029-1

This review investigates how Deep Machine Learning (DML) has dealt with the Covid-19 epidemic and provides recommendations for future Covid-19 research. Despite the fact that vaccines for this epidemic have been developed, DL methods have proven to be a valuable asset in radiologists’ arsenals for the automated assessment of Covid-19. This detailed review debates the techniques and applications developed for Covid-19 findings using DL systems. It also provides insights into notable datasets used to train neural networks, data partitioning, and various performance measurement metrics. The PRISMA taxonomy has been formed based on pretrained(45 systems) and hybrid/custom(17 systems) models with radiography modalities. A total of 62 systems with respect to X-ray(32), CT(19), ultrasound(7), ECG(2), and genome sequence(2) based modalities as taxonomy are selected from the studied articles. We originate by valuing the present phase of DL and conclude with significant limitations. The restrictions contain incomprehensibility, simplification measures, learning from incomplete labeled data, and data secrecy. Moreover, DML can be utilized to detect and classify Covid-19 from other COPD illnesses. The proposed literature review has found many DL-based systems to fight against Covid19. We expect this article will assist in speeding up the procedure of DL for Covid-19 researchers, including medical, radiology technicians, and data engineers.