Polycystin Channel Complexes

Polycystin subunits can form hetero- and homotetrameric ion channels in the membranes of various compartments of the cell. Homotetrameric polycystin channels are voltage- and calcium-modulated, whereas heterotetrameric versions are proposed to be ligand- or autoproteolytically regulated. Their impor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of physiology 2023-02, Vol.85 (1), p.425-448
Main Authors: Esarte Palomero, Orhi, Larmore, Megan, DeCaen, Paul G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADPKD
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Calcium - metabolism
Calcium channels
Calcium channels (voltage-gated)
Channel opening
ciliopathies
Embryogenesis
Embryonic growth stage
Fertilization
gating mechanism
Humans
Ion channels
Kidney diseases
Polycystic kidney
polycystin
primary cilia
Signal Transduction
Structural analysis
Structure-function relationships
TRP channel
TRPP Cation Channels - chemistry
TRPP Cation Channels - metabolism
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Summary:Polycystin subunits can form hetero- and homotetrameric ion channels in the membranes of various compartments of the cell. Homotetrameric polycystin channels are voltage- and calcium-modulated, whereas heterotetrameric versions are proposed to be ligand- or autoproteolytically regulated. Their importance is underscored by variants associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and by vital roles in fertilization and embryonic development. The diversity in polycystin assembly and subcellular distribution allows for a multitude of sensory functions by this class of channels. In this review, we highlight their recent structural and functional characterization, which has provided a molecular blueprint to investigate the conformational changes required for channel opening in response to unique stimuli. We consider each polycystin channel type individually, discussing how they contribute to sensory cell biology, as well as their impact on the physiology of various tissues.
ISSN:0066-4278
1545-1585
1545-1585
DOI:10.1146/annurev-physiol-031522-084334