Non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci as a cause of mastitis in domestic ruminants: current knowledge, advances, biomedical applications, and future perspectives – a systematic review

Non- aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci (NASM) are one of the most common causes of subclinical mastitis in dairy animals and the extent of damage by intramammary infections (IMI) caused by NASM is still under debate. The different effects of NASM on the mammary gland may be associated with diff...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary research communications 2023-09, Vol.47 (3), p.1067-1084
Main Authors: Ruiz-Romero, Rocio Angélica, Vargas-Bello-Pérez, Einar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antimicrobial agents
Biofilms
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Dairy industry
Infections
Life Sciences
Mammary gland
Mastitis
Milk production
Review
Veterinary medicine
Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Zoology
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Summary:Non- aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci (NASM) are one of the most common causes of subclinical mastitis in dairy animals and the extent of damage by intramammary infections (IMI) caused by NASM is still under debate. The different effects of NASM on the mammary gland may be associated with differences between bacterial species. NASM are normal and abundant colonizers of humans and animals and become pathogenic only in certain situations. The veterinary interest in NASM has been intense for the last 25 years, due to the strongly increasing rate of opportunistic infections. Therefore, the objective of this review is to provide a general background of the NASM as a cause of mastitis and the most recent advances that exist to prevent and fight the biofilm formation of this group of bacteria, introduce new biomedical applications that could be used in dairy herds to reduce the risk of chronic and recurrent infections, potentially responsible for economic losses due to reduced milk production and quality. Effective treatment of biofilm infection requires a dual approach through a combination of antibiofilm and antimicrobial agents. Even though research on the development of biofilms is mainly focused on human medicine, this technology must be developed at the same time in veterinary medicine, especially in the dairy industry where IMI are extremely common.
ISSN:0165-7380
1573-7446
DOI:10.1007/s11259-023-10090-5