Chemically Driven Ion Exchanging Synthesis of Na5YSi4O12-Based Glass-Ceramic Proton Conductors

• Published in: Materials 2023-03, Vol.16 (6), p.2155
• Main Authors: Okura, Toshinori, Matsuoka, Naoki, Takahashi, Yoshiko, Yoshida, Naoya, Yamashita, Kimihiro
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aluminum; Ambience; Aqueous solutions; Ceramics; Chemical synthesis; Conduction; Conductivity; Conductors; Electrolytes; Glass ceramics; Grain boundaries; High temperature; Humidity; Hydrochloric acid; Impedance method; Ion exchange; Protons; Rare earth elements; Sodium; Temperature effects; Tetrahedra
• ISSN: 1996-1944; 1996-1944
• DOI: 10.3390/ma16062155

We have developed 12-membered silica-tetrahedra-ringed Na5YSi4O12-type sodium ion conducting glass-ceramics on the basis of the composition Na3+3x-yR1-xPySi3-yO9 (R: rare earth elements; denoted as Narpsio); especially, the material of Na4Y0.6P0.2Si2.8O9 with the combined parameters of (x, y) = (0.4, 0.2) gives rise to the maximum conductivity of 1 × 10−1 Scm−1 at 300 °C. Because glass-ceramics generally have the advantage of structural rigidity and chemical durability over sintered polycrystalline ceramics, the present study employed glass-ceramic Narpsio to perform chemically driven ion exchange of Na+ with protonated water molecules with an aim to produce a proton conductor. The ion exchange was carried out in a hydrochloric acid solution by changing immersion time, temperature, and acid concentration. The ion exchanged Na4Y0.6P0.2Si2.8O9-based glass-ceramics were analyzed by the complex impedance method, and the proton conductivity was found to exhibit 3 × 10−4 Scm−1 at 300 °C with the activation energy of 59 kJ/mol. The dependence of humidity-sensitive conductivity of the ion exchanged bulk glass-ceramics was also examined; the conductivity increased almost linearly from 0.6 × 10−4 Scm−1 in dry air to 1.5 × 10−4 Scm−1 in 75% humid ambience at 300 °C. Thus, the ion exchanged glass-ceramics can be considered to be high temperature proton conductors as well as humidity sensors.