Inadequate diabetes knowledge is associated with poor glycemia control in patients with type 2 diabetes

• Published in: Atención primaria 2023-05, Vol.55 (5), p.102604-102604, Article 102604
• Main Authors: Velázquez López, Lubia, Muñoz Torres, Abril Violeta, Medina Bravo, Patricia Guadalupe, Escobedo de la Peña, Jorge
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Blood Glucose; Conocimiento en diabetes; Control glucémico; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes education; Diabetes knowledge; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Diabetes tipo 2; Diet; Dieta; Educación en diabetes; Female; Glycated Hemoglobin; Glycemia control; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Male; Obesidad; Obesity; Original; Type 2 diabetes
• ISSN: 0212-6567; 1578-1275
• DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2023.102604

To identify the association between glycemia control with level of diabetes knowledge, diabetes education, and lifestyle variables in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cross-sectional analytical study. Clinics of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), Mexico. Patients with type 2 diabetes. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose, and lipid profile levels were measured from fasting venous blood samples. Assessment of disease knowledge was performed using the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured. Weight and abdominal circumference were measured, as well as body composition using bioimpedance. Sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables were obtained. A total of 297 patients were included, sixty-seven percent (67%) were women with a median of six years since the diagnosis of diabetes. Only 7% of patients had adequate diabetes knowledge, and 56% had regular knowledge. Patients with adequate diabetes knowledge had a lower body mass index (p=0.016), lower percentage of fat (p=0.008), and lower fat mass (p=0.018); followed a diet (p=0.004) and had received diabetes education (p=0.002), and to obtain information about their illness (p=0.001). Patients with low levels of diabetes knowledge had a higher risk of HbA1c≥7% (OR: 4.68; 95% CI: 1.48,14.86; p=0.009), as well as those who did not receive diabetes education (OR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.21–3.90; p=0.009) and those who did not follow a diet (OR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.01,5.55; p=0.046). Inadequate knowledge of diabetes, lack of diabetes education, and dietary adherence are associated with poor glycemia control in patients with diabetes. Identificar la asociación entre el control de la glicemia con el nivel de conocimiento, la educación y las variables de estilo de vida en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2. Estudio transversal analítico. Clínicas del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México. Pacientes con diabetes tipo 2. Se midió el nivel de hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c), glucosa y perfil de lípidos en ayuno. La evaluación del conocimiento de la enfermedad se realizó con el Cuestionario de Conocimiento de la Diabetes (DKQ-24). Se midió presión arterial, peso y circunferencia abdominal, así como la composición corporal con bioimpedancia. Las variables clínicas y de estilo de vida fueron registradas. Se incluyó a 297 participantes y 67% fueron mujeres, con una mediana de diagnóstico de diabetes de seis años. Solo 7% tuvo un conocimiento adecuado de la diabe