High-resolution recording of foraging behaviour over multiple annual cycles shows decline in old Adélie penguins' performance

Age-related variation in foraging performance can result from both within-individual change and selection processes. These mechanisms can only be disentangled by using logistically challenging long-term, longitudinal studies. Coupling a long-term demographic data set with high-temporal-resolution tr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the Royal Society. B, Biological sciences Biological sciences, 2023-04, Vol.290 (1996), p.20222480
Main Authors: Lescroël, Amélie, Schmidt, Annie, Ainley, David G, Dugger, Katie M, Elrod, Megan, Jongsomjit, Dennis, Morandini, Virginia, Winquist, Suzanne, Ballard, Grant
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Animals
Behaviour
Breeding
Child
Child, Preschool
Diving
Feeding Behavior
Female
Humans
Male
Seasons
Spheniscidae
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Summary:Age-related variation in foraging performance can result from both within-individual change and selection processes. These mechanisms can only be disentangled by using logistically challenging long-term, longitudinal studies. Coupling a long-term demographic data set with high-temporal-resolution tracking of 18 Adélie penguins ( , age 4-15 yrs old) over three consecutive annual cycles, we examined how foraging behaviour changed within individuals of different age classes. Evidence indicated within-individual improvement in young and middle-age classes, but a significant decrease in foraging dive frequency within old individuals, associated with a decrease in the dive descent rate. Decreases in foraging performance occurred at a later age (from 12-15 yrs old to 15-18 yrs old) than the onset of senescence predicted for this species (9-11 yrs old). Foraging dive frequency was most affected by the interaction between breeding status and annual life-cycle periods, with frequency being highest during returning migration and breeding season and was highest overall for successful breeders during the chick-rearing period. Females performed more foraging dives per hour than males. This longitudinal, full annual cycle study allowed us to shed light on the changes in foraging performance occurring among individuals of different age classes and highlighted the complex interactions among drivers of individual foraging behaviour.
ISSN:0962-8452
1471-2954
1471-2954
DOI:10.1098/rspb.2022.2480