An Efficient Electrochemical Biosensor to Determine 1,5-Anhydroglucitol with Persimmon-Tannin-Reduced Graphene Oxide-PtPd Nanocomposites

• Published in: Materials 2023-03, Vol.16 (7), p.2786
• Main Authors: Li, Guiyin, Zhou, Zhide, Wang, Zhongmin, Chen, Shiwei, Liang, Jintao, Yao, Xiaoqing, Li, Liuxun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Ascorbic acid; Biomarkers; Biosensors; Carbon; Cardiovascular disease; Coronary heart disease; Decomposition; Detectors; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetic nephropathies; Diabetic neuropathies; Diabetic neuropathy; Electrodes; Electron microscopy; Glucose; Graphene; Graphite; Hydrogen peroxide; Metabolism; Microscopy; Nanocomposites; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; Nitrates; Quinones; Redox reactions; Reducing agents; Synergistic effect; Tannins; Uric acid; Voltammetry
• ISSN: 1996-1944; 1996-1944
• DOI: 10.3390/ma16072786

1,5-Anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) is a sensitive biomarker for real-time detection of diabetes mellitus. In this study, an electrochemical biosensor to specifically detect 1,5-AG levels based on persimmon-tannin-reduced graphene oxide-PtPd nanocomposites (PT-rGO-PtPd NCs), which were modified onto the surface of a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE), was designed. The PT-rGO-PtPd NCs were prepared by using PT as the film-forming material and ascorbic acid as the reducing agent. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy analysis were used to characterise the newly synthesised materials. PT-rGO-PtPd NCs present a synergistic effect not only to increase the active surface area to bio-capture more targets, but also to exhibit electrocatalytic efficiency to catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H O ). A sensitive layer is formed by pyranose oxidase (PROD) attached to the surface of PT-rGO-PtPd NC/SPCE. In the presence of 1,5-AG, PROD catalyzes the oxidization of 1,5-AG to generate 1,5-anhydrofuctose (1,5-AF) and H O which can be decomposed into H O under the synergistic catalysis of PT-rGO-PtPd NCs. The redox reaction between PT and its oxidative product (quinones, PTox) can be enhanced simultaneously by PT-rGO-PtPd NCs, and the current signal was recorded by the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. Under optimal conditions, our biosensor shows a wide range (0.1-2.0 mg/mL) for 1,5-AG detection with a detection limit of 30 μg/mL (S/N = 3). Moreover, our electrochemical biosensor exhibits acceptable applicability with recoveries from 99.80 to 106.80%. In summary, our study provides an electrochemical method for the determination of 1,5-AG with simple procedures, lower costs, good reproducibility, and acceptable stability.