Cranial Shape Measurements Obtained Using a Caliper and Elastic Bands Are Useful for Brachycephaly and Deformational Plagiocephaly Screening

We assessed a method for screening the cranial shape of 1-month-old infants using a simple measuring instrument instead of a three-dimensional scanner. The Mimos craniometer was used to measure cranial length, cranial width, and two diagonal lengths to calculate the cranial index (CI) and cranial as...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical medicine 2023-04, Vol.12 (8), p.2787
Main Authors: Maedomari, Taishin, Miyabayashi, Hiroshi, Tanaka, Yukari, Mukai, Chihiro, Nakanomori, Aya, Saito, Katsuya, Kato, Risa, Noto, Takanori, Nagano, Nobuhiko, Morioka, Ichiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asymmetry
Babies
Calipers
Clinical medicine
Craniofacial abnormalities
Craniometry
Diagnosis
Diseases
Infants (Newborn)
Methods
Three dimensional imaging
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Summary:We assessed a method for screening the cranial shape of 1-month-old infants using a simple measuring instrument instead of a three-dimensional scanner. The Mimos craniometer was used to measure cranial length, cranial width, and two diagonal lengths to calculate the cranial index (CI) and cranial asymmetry (CA). We defined a CI > 90% as brachycephaly and CA > 5 mm as deformational plagiocephaly (DP). Intra- and inter-examiner accuracy analyses were performed on a dummy doll and 1-month-old infants. The measurements of healthy 1-month-old infants were compared with previously reported three-dimensional scanner measurements. Intra- and inter-rater measurements showed good accuracy; diagnostic accuracy comparisons of brachycephaly and DP using a three-dimensional scanner showed kappa values of 1.0 and 0.8, respectively. Comparisons were made among 113 infants matched for day-age at the date of measurement; there were no significant differences in the CI (85.0% vs. 85.2%, = 0.98) and CA (5.9 mm vs. 6.0 mm, = 0.48) between the scanner and caliper measurements, nor in the prevalence of brachycephaly (12.4% vs. 17.7%, = 0.35) or DP (58.4% vs. 56.6%, = 0.89). This simple measurement method using calipers and bands was useful in screening for brachycephaly and DP in 1-month-old infants.
ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm12082787