The role of sleep and heart rate variability in metabolic syndrome: evidence from the Midlife in the United States study

Abstract Study Objectives Poor sleep and autonomic dysregulation can both disrupt metabolic processes. This study examined the individual and combined effects of poor sleep and reduced heart rate variability (HRV) on metabolic syndrome among 966 participants in the Midlife in the United States II (M...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sleep (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2023-05, Vol.46 (5)
Main Authors: Nevels, Torrance L, Wirth, Michael D, Ginsberg, J P, McLain, Alexander C, Burch, James B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autonomic Nervous System - physiology
Heart rate
Heart Rate - physiology
Humans
Metabolic syndrome
Metabolic Syndrome - complications
Middle age
Sleep
Sleep - physiology
Sleep Quality
Sleep, Health, and Disease
United States - epidemiology
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Summary:Abstract Study Objectives Poor sleep and autonomic dysregulation can both disrupt metabolic processes. This study examined the individual and combined effects of poor sleep and reduced heart rate variability (HRV) on metabolic syndrome among 966 participants in the Midlife in the United States II (MIDUS II) study. Methods Self-reported sleep was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). HRV was acquired from 11-minute resting heart rate recordings. Spearman correlations, general linear regression, and logistic regression models were used to examine the study hypotheses. Results Poor sleep quality was associated with metabolic syndrome when global PSQI scores were evaluated as a continuous (odds ratio [OR]: 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03 to 1.11) or categorical measure (cutoff > 5, OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.10), after adjustment for confounding. There also was an association between reduced HRV and metabolic syndrome (ln [HF-HRV] OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80 to 0.99; ln [LF-HRV] OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72 to 0.92; ln [SDRR] OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.43 to 0.79; ln [RMSSD] OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.94). When the combined effects of poor sleep and low HRV were examined, the association with metabolic syndrome was further strengthened relative to those with normal sleep and HRV. Conclusions To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to suggest a combined effect of poor sleep and low HRV on the odds of metabolic syndrome. Graphical Abstract Graphical Abstract
ISSN:0161-8105
1550-9109
DOI:10.1093/sleep/zsad013