Dietary weight loss strategies for kidney stone patients

Purpose Overweight has been associated with an increased risk of incident and recurrent kidney stone disease. Weight reduction is the therapeutic consequence to decrease the risk of stone formation. This review examines the effectiveness of different weight loss strategies on weight reduction and ca...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:World journal of urology 2023-05, Vol.41 (5), p.1221-1228
Main Authors: Siener, Roswitha, Metzner, Christine
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Body weight
Body weight loss
Calcium (urinary)
Calcium oxalate
Calculi
Cardiovascular Diseases - complications
Diet
Dietary restrictions
Humans
Kidney Calculi - complications
Kidney stones
Kidneys
Lithiasis
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Nephrolithiasis
Nephrology
Nutrient deficiency
Oncology
Overweight
Overweight - complications
Risk factors
Topic Paper
Uric acid
Urinary tract diseases
Urolithiasis - etiology
Urolithiasis - prevention & control
Urology
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Summary:Purpose Overweight has been associated with an increased risk of incident and recurrent kidney stone disease. Weight reduction is the therapeutic consequence to decrease the risk of stone formation. This review examines the effectiveness of different weight loss strategies on weight reduction and cardiometabolic risk profile, with a particular focus on risk factors for urolithiasis. Methods A selective literature search was performed using PubMed and Cochrane library. Results Clinical evidence for the potential benefits of dietary weight loss strategies for kidney stone disease is limited. A conventional, energy-restricted diet may significantly induce weight loss and reduce urinary supersaturation of calcium oxalate in overweight individuals with or without a history of stone formation. The current data indicate that an energy-restricted diet with partial meal replacement may additionally decrease the relative supersaturation of uric acid and further improve the cardiometabolic risk profile, and, thus, may be a favourable option for overweight kidney stone patients. Studies on the Mediterranean and DASH diets on the association between weight loss and the risk of urinary stone formation are lacking. Conclusion An energy-restricted diet with or without meal replacement could be a promising weight loss strategy for overweight kidney stone patients. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of different weight loss strategies on urinary risk factors and cardiometabolic risk profile in urolithiasis.
ISSN:1433-8726
0724-4983
1433-8726
DOI:10.1007/s00345-022-04268-w