Molecular Profiling of Inflammatory Mediators in Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Bocavirus Infection

• Published in: Genes 2023-05, Vol.14 (5), p.1101
• Main Authors: Alkubaisi, Noorah A, Aziz, Ibrahim M, Alsaleh, Asma N, Alhetheel, Abdulkarim F, Almajhdi, Fahad N
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Chemokines; Child; Children; Coinfection - diagnosis; Comorbidity; Cytokines; Cytokines - genetics; Diseases; DNA polymerases; Genomes; Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; Hospital patients; Human bocavirus - genetics; Humans; Infection; Infection in children; Infections; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 13; Interleukin 17; Interleukin 4; Interleukin 6; Interleukin 8; Interleukin-33; Parvoviridae Infections - diagnosis; Parvoviridae Infections - genetics; Polymerase chain reaction; Respiratory syncytial virus; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human - genetics; Respiratory Tract Infections; RNA-directed DNA polymerase; Serology; Tumor necrosis factor; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Variance analysis; Virus diseases; Viruses
• ISSN: 2073-4425; 2073-4425
• DOI: 10.3390/genes14051101

Infections due to human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and human bocavirus (HBoV) can mediate the release of several pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, which are usually associated with disease severity in children. In this study, the change in the expression profile of cytokines and chemokines were determined during HRSV, HBoV, and HRSV coinfection with HBoV in 75 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) samples, positive real-time reverse transcriptase PCR Assay (rRT-PCR) for HRSV ( = 36), HBoV ( = 23) infection alone or HRSV coinfection with HBoV ( = 16). The samples were collected from hospitalized children. qPCR-based detection revealed that the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IL-33, and G-CSF were significantly ( < 0.05) greater in patients than in controls. IL-4, IL-17, GM-CSF, and CCL-5 were significantly elevated in children with HRSV coinfection with HBoV than in other groups ( < 0.05). TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33 in children with HRSV were significantly increased in severe infections compared to mild infections. Whereas, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33 were significantly increased in severe infection in compared a mild infection in children with HBoV. Further large-scale investigations involving isolates are needed to enhance our knowledge of the association between viral infections and cytokine expression patterns during the different stages of HRSV and HBoV infection.