Biomarkers of Pediatric Cataracts: A Proteomics Analysis of Aqueous Fluid

Cataracts are among the most common causes of childhood vision loss worldwide. This study seeks to identify differentially expressed proteins in the aqueous humor of pediatric cataract patients. Samples of aqueous humor were collected from pediatric and adult cataract patients and subjected to mass...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-05, Vol.24 (10), p.9040
Main Authors: Theophanous, Christos N, Wolfgeher, Donald J, Farooq, Asim V, Hilkert Rodriguez, Sarah
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aqueous Humor - metabolism
Aqueous humour
Biomarkers - metabolism
Cataract
Cataract - metabolism
Cataracts
Child
Children
Comparative analysis
Etiology
Female
Genes
Genetic disorders
Glaucoma
Health aspects
Humans
Hypertension
Inflammation
Male
Mass Spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Mutation
Neutrophils
Ontology
Oxidative Stress
Pathophysiology
Pediatrics
Proteins
Proteomics
Selenium
Surgery
Vision disorders in children
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Summary:Cataracts are among the most common causes of childhood vision loss worldwide. This study seeks to identify differentially expressed proteins in the aqueous humor of pediatric cataract patients. Samples of aqueous humor were collected from pediatric and adult cataract patients and subjected to mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. Samples of pediatric cataracts were grouped by subtype and compared to adult samples. Differentially expressed proteins in each subtype were identified. Gene ontology analysis was performed using WikiPaths for each cataract subtype. Seven pediatric patients and ten adult patients were included in the study. Of the pediatric samples, all seven (100%) were male, three (43%) had traumatic cataracts, two (29%) had congenital cataracts, and two (29%) had posterior polar cataracts. Of the adult patients, seven (70%) were female and seven (70%) had predominantly nuclear sclerotic cataracts. A total of 128 proteins were upregulated in the pediatric samples, and 127 proteins were upregulated in the adult samples, with 75 proteins shared by both groups. Gene ontology analysis identified inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways as upregulated in pediatric cataracts. Inflammatory and oxidative stress mechanisms may be involved in pediatric cataract formation and warrant further investigation.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms24109040