The human microbiome and gut–liver axis in people living with HIV

Purpose of Review Chronic liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality amongst people living with HIV (PLWH). Emerging data suggests that gut microbial translocation may play a role in driving and modulating liver disease, a bi-directional relationship termed the gut–liver axis. While i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current HIV/AIDS reports 2023-06, Vol.20 (3), p.170-180
Main Authors: Duarte, Maria J., Tien, Phyllis C., Somsouk, Ma, Price, Jennifer C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Clinical trials
Dysbacteriosis
Dysbiosis
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Intestinal microflora
Liver
Liver diseases
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Microbiomes
Microbiota
Morbidity
Topical Collection on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment
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Summary:Purpose of Review Chronic liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality amongst people living with HIV (PLWH). Emerging data suggests that gut microbial translocation may play a role in driving and modulating liver disease, a bi-directional relationship termed the gut–liver axis. While it is recognized that PLWH have a high degree of dysbiosis and gut microbial translocation, little is known about the gut–liver axis in PLWH. Recent Findings Recent studies have shown that microbial translocation can directly lead to hepatic inflammation, and have linked gut microbial signatures, dysbiosis, and translocation to liver disease in PLWH. Additionally, multiple trials have explored interventions targeting the microbiome in PLWH. Summary Emerging research supports the interaction between the gut microbiome and liver disease in PLWH. This offers new opportunities to expand our understanding of the pathophysiology of liver disease in this population, as well as to explore possible clinical interventions.
ISSN:1548-3568
1548-3576
1548-3576
DOI:10.1007/s11904-023-00657-x