The timing and amplitude of the muscular activity of the arms preceding impact in a forward fall is modulated with fall velocity

Protective arm reactions have been shown to be an important injury avoidance mechanism in unavoidable falls. Protective arm reactions have been shown to be modulated with fall height, however it is not clear if they are modulated with impact velocity. The aim of this study was to determine if protec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of biomechanics 2023-03, Vol.150, p.111515-111515, Article 111515
Main Authors: Borrelli, James, Creath, Robert, Rogers, Mark W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acceleration
Amplitudes
Angular velocity
Animals
Biomechanical Phenomena
Control
Counterbalances
Elbow
Elbow (anatomy)
Elbow Joint - physiology
Electromyography
Falls
Female
Forelimb
Hands
Impact velocity
Injury
Injury prevention
Kinematics
Load
Movement - physiology
Muscle, Skeletal - physiology
Perturbation
Upper extremity
Velocity
Vertical forces
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Summary:Protective arm reactions have been shown to be an important injury avoidance mechanism in unavoidable falls. Protective arm reactions have been shown to be modulated with fall height, however it is not clear if they are modulated with impact velocity. The aim of this study was to determine if protective arm reactions are modulated in response to a forward fall with an initially unpredictable impact velocity. Forward falls were evoked via sudden release of a standing pendulum support frame with adjustable counterweight to control fall acceleration and impact velocity. Thirteen younger adults (1 female) participated in this study. Counterweight load explained more than 89% of the variation of impact velocity. Angular velocity at impact decreased (p 
ISSN:0021-9290
1873-2380
DOI:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111515