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Dietary patterns and abnormal glucose tolerance among Japanese: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2012

Previous studies have associated dietary patterns with diabetes risk in Western countries, but such studies among the Japanese population are scarce. The present study aimed to investigate dietary patterns associated with abnormal glucose tolerance determined by elevated glycated Hb (HbA1c) levels....

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Published in:Public health nutrition 2019-09, Vol.22 (13), p.2460-2468
Main Authors: Okada, Emiko, Takahashi, Kunihiko, Nakamura, Koshi, Ukawa, Shigekazu, Takabayashi, Saeka, Nakamura, Mieko, Sasaki, Satoshi, Tamakoshi, Akiko, Takimoto, Hidemi
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creator Okada, Emiko
Takahashi, Kunihiko
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Takimoto, Hidemi
description Previous studies have associated dietary patterns with diabetes risk in Western countries, but such studies among the Japanese population are scarce. The present study aimed to investigate dietary patterns associated with abnormal glucose tolerance determined by elevated glycated Hb (HbA1c) levels. The 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS) database was used for the cross-sectional study. Dietary patterns were analysed by factor analysis of twenty-five food items from the dietary intake survey and household-based semi-weighed dietary records. OR and 95 % CI for elevated HbA1c levels (≥6·5 %) according to dietary patterns were estimated using logistic regression models. Japan. The study population comprised 9550 Japanese aged ≥40 years registered in the nationwide NHNS. Three dietary patterns were identified: (i) high-bread and low-rice; (ii) high-meat and low-fish; and (iii) vegetable. The high-bread and low-rice pattern, characterised by high frequent consumption of bread, milk and dairy products, and fruits, and low rice intake, was associated with marginally decreased prevalence of elevated HbA1c levels (Ptrend=0·047). The vegetable pattern, characterised by vegetables, mushrooms, soyabeans and soybean products, was significantly inversely associated with elevated HbA1c levels (4th v. 1st quartile: multivariable OR=0·68; 95 % CI 0·49, 0·95; Ptrend=0·007). Our findings suggest that the vegetable pattern is associated with decreased prevalence of elevated HbA1c levels among Japanese.
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The vegetable pattern, characterised by vegetables, mushrooms, soyabeans and soybean products, was significantly inversely associated with elevated HbA1c levels (4th v. 1st quartile: multivariable OR=0·68; 95 % CI 0·49, 0·95; Ptrend=0·007). Our findings suggest that the vegetable pattern is associated with decreased prevalence of elevated HbA1c levels among Japanese.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>30837027</pmid><doi>10.1017/S1368980019000120</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Aged
Alcohol
Blood tests
Bread
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dairy products
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diet
Diet - statistics & numerical data
Dietary intake
Factor analysis
Female
Food
Glucose
Glucose Intolerance - epidemiology
Glucose tolerance
Glycated Hemoglobin - analysis
Health care
Health risks
Hemoglobin
Households
Humans
Japan - epidemiology
Male
Meat
Meta-analysis
Methods
Middle Aged
Mushrooms
Nutrition
Nutrition research
Nutrition Surveys
Nutritional Epidemiology
Polls & surveys
Population studies
Questionnaires
Regression analysis
Regression models
Research Paper
Rice
Shellfish
Soybeans
Studies
Systematic review
Vegetables
title Dietary patterns and abnormal glucose tolerance among Japanese: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2012
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